viernes, garrido chapter 3

Chapter 2
1. At the present, (at present, at present time) we are using English…
2. This attitude of the respondents led to the conclusion that the students felt that language play (s) an important role on their..
3. However, nowadays, there are educators who have been complaining on (about) papers handed…
4. This resulted in extensive use of electronic chatting. (incomplete, by who?)
5. Ross is an instructional coach for language arts teachers in her own district, and she often see (subject verb agreement)
6. She said that this might have changed the attitude of the students towards writing, and it seemed that they want everything done as fast as possible. But before mobile phones became a problem to some, it used to be a connector between people. (add more transitional statements so the shift would not be abrupt and obvious)
7. And they concluded that text messaging is the most effective way of (in) communicating with other people.
8. Aside from that, it (what? The antecedent is not texting) is the…
9. This goes to show that cellular phones are very popular, regardless of the age. (incomplete; of? Among?)
10. As what is (was) said earlier…
11. contact with another person, regardless of where the caller and the called are” (p. 104) . (period?)
12. Some were (add “so”) obsessed that they allot greater time for text messaging, which leads to the use…
13. should not forge (t) that the language…
14. Like Guerra, (and ‘remove comma’) Laurilla (2009) obtained…
15. phones and those who don’t (spell out)
16. And from that, it can be implied that the respondent’s proficiency when it comes to spelling and grammar, is independent to (from their having a cell phone or not) whether they have cellular phones or not.
17. there is no significant differences (agreement in number) between the texting styles of both males and females…
18. The research (obtained the following results) resulted with the following:
19. Similarly, a research by Rosen et al. (2009) showed that youths (youth) who used
20. On (In) Tomita’s research (en) titled Text Messaging and its Implications for its use in Education, he said…
21. form of communication is too easy that it no longer require (s) analysis
22. said that if (remove if and follow ‘the more the ’)students continue to use instant messaging, the more that they could no longer distinguish
23. In Proysen’s study titled The Impact of Text Messaging on Standard English revealed that some educators (problematic reference, check)
24. which they sometimes tend to (omit tend to) apply on (to) their school works.
25. Its (The) only difference (between our research and those mentioned is that….) from our research is that our study will also focus on the frequency of cellular phone use, which was given less focus on other researches.
Organized, materials are well-discussed.

Content 48/50
Grammar/style 16/50
Organization 18/20
Total 82/90

Biblio
Periodical entry not complete.what is the name of the periodical?
Grade: 43/50

Chapter 3
1. Two articles from the works of B.F. Skinner and Bagozz, R.P., Davis, F.D., and Warshaw, P.R. led the researchers to the formulation of two theories that will help the researchers (them) know whether there is a positive or negative effect of frequent text messaging on spelling and grammar skills of third year students of University of the Philippines High School Cebu.
2. Behaviorist theory of BF Skinner said (explained) that the core to all behaviorism…
Or Behaviorist theory of BF Skinner (BF Skinner who developed Behaviorist theory) said that the core to all behaviorism…
3. Behaviorist theory of BF Skinner said that the core to all behaviorism is the assumption that human and animal behaviors (source of this idea? Year? Skinner’s book himself?
4. The work of Bagozz, R.P., Davis, F.D., and Warshaw, P.R (year) says that people do not use technology because
5. said that “learning by doing” is an effective way in learning, for example is using computer. (awkward)
6. he flow of Bf Skinner’s and Bagozz, R.P., Davis, F.D., and Warshaw, P.R’s theory (theories)
7. The flow of conceptual framework on the next page shows that peers and technology may affect the English language and proficiency of the students. One example of the technology today is cellular phone is cellular phone in which text messaging is the most popular feature. Depending on how long the students have been sending text messages, the study will determine if this have a positive or negative effect on the students’ English language proficiency. (theories are not properly appropriated to concepts/variables in conceptual framework.
8. Refer to Castillo,alda’s chapter 3 mth 1-2:30 for reference
9. be consistent with your use of tense


Chapter 3

Theoretical Framework

The theories gathered will be used in the formulation of the study’s framework. Two articles from the works of B.F. Skinner and Bagozz, R.P., Davis, F.D., and Warshaw, P.R. led the researchers to the formulation of two theories that will help the reasearchers know whether there is a positive or negative effect of frequent text messaging on spelling and grammar skills of third year students of University of the Philippines High School Cebu.

Behaviorist theory of BF Skinner said that the core to all behaviorism is the assumption that human and animal behaviors are determined by learning and reinforcement. People act according to what they learned. Species acquire new skills, depending on the effects these skills have on the species’ environment. Skinner assumed that if an individual’s action proves to have a positive effect, then he would more likely continue his behavior. On the other hand, if an individual’s action has a negative outcome, he would likely stop this specific behavior.

An article in EduQnA.com serves as a supporting idea on the theory of Skinner. According to the article, people do not read enough. They rely too much on computers and a lot of them tend to spell according to how the word is pronounced, and the introduction of text messaging encourages them to shorten words. Because of technology available to the students now growing up, when they have to exact their grammar skills away from a computer or thesaurus, they can’t perform well. People have become so dependent on technology to help read and write, to the point that these skills have diminished over time. In addition, there is less of an emphasis on face-to-face communication, with the introduction of all phones and emails.

The work of Bagozz, R.P., Davis, F.D., and Warshaw, P.R says that people do not use technology because of its features but rather, the adopt technology because of the benefits they get from it. The theory of these three focuses on how technology helps individuals motivate in learning. Their theory states that changing individual’s attitude may be an effective strategy to improve someone’s motivation in learning. Caroll and Rosson (as cited in Bagozz, R.P., Davis, F.D., and Warshaw, P.R,) said that “learning by doing” is an effective way in learning, for example is using computer. However, the two argued “that such active learning leads to “production bias” in which the motivation to use the system to get a task done is stronger than the motivation to use the system to get a task done is stronger than the motivation to spend time learning to use the system (p.24).” The two added that this might result in barely adequate learning.

The diagram in the next page shows the flow of Bf Skinner’s and Bagozz, R.P., Davis, F.D., and Warshaw, P.R’s theory on how an individual respond according to what they have learned. The figure shows that environmental influences may affect the things that the individual, specifically the youth, have learned. In this case, the variable that represents these things is language. The effect depends on how long they have been communicating using the language that has been affected by environmental factors.

Fig. 1

Theoretical Framework

Youths

Environmental Influences

Language

Time Communication

Effects


The flow of conceptual framework on the next page shows that peers and technology may affect the English language and proficiency of the students. One example of the technology today is cellular phone is cellular phone in which text messaging is the most popular feature. Depending on how long the students have been sending text messages, the study will determine if this have a positive or negative effect on the students’ English language proficiency.

The conceptual framework is based on Bf Skinner’s and Bagozz, R.P., Davis, F.D., and Warshaw, P.R’s theory that human, like students, acquire new skills depending on the effect these skills have on their environment and on how they get these skills. The study will determine if the intervention of peers and technology have a positive or negative effect on students’ English language proficiency.


Fig. 2

Conceptual Framework

Students

Peers and Technology

English Language

Years of Text Messaging

Positive or Negative Effects


Cellular phones, as the diagram shows on the next page, which is the operational framework, may have an effect on the spelling and grammar skills of the 3rd year students of UP High School Cebu. Text messaging is the most popular feature of cellular phones. This feature encourages the users use shorthand way of texting. The figure shows that frequent usage of shorthand texting may have no effect or may contribute to the deterioration of the spelling and grammar skills of the respondents.


Fig. 3

Operational Framework

3rd year high school students of UP High School Cebu

Cellular phones

Spelling and Grammar

Frequent shorthand texting

Poor spelling and grammar skills; or no effect