beduya, misa chap 3( comments in parentheses in between sentences)

Chapter III
STUDY FRAMEWORK
Aside from knowing the concept of death of both Morrie Schwartz and Mitch Albom in context with Albom’s bookTuesday’s with Morrie, the researchers also want to know the coping process with death Morrie had undertaken. Moreover, the researchers want to know what evoked Morrie to accept and cope up (remove up) with death, in what way this coping process affected him and are there any people affected by his coping process. From that, the researchers have used Charles Corr’s Task-Based Approach Theory as basis to answer their questions.
Task-Based Approach Theory
According to Charles Corr (as cited in Copp, 1998), one should or tends to have an active participation in one’s impending death in coping with death. This means that coping is an active process, activating a positive orientation seeking to solve problems or successfully adapt to new challenges posed by death. Thus, it involves tasks, and these tasks may be undertaken in a number of ways as one became prepared for it. And the more choices one has, the more empowered and less of a victim one feels.
Tasks primarily involve the person’s concerns, even more than needs which may be met by others when necessary. Tasks are open to the dying person to manage as he/she deems essential. This concept also puts the dying person at the center of activities and expects caregivers to focus on these things, rather than their perceptions of what the dying person should need.
Before his theory was formulated, Corr(as cited in Copp, 1998) had only developed the concept of ‘tasks” from Kalish (as cited in Copp, 1998). Kalish’s (as cited in Copp, 1998) premise on ‘tasks’ that confront the dying person was that the awareness of imminent death evokes both ‘coping’ and ‘action’ responses from the dying person. Specifically, he cited that a dying person, unlike the person who’s not facing an imminent death, tends to have an increasing motivation in taking actions that deal with various ‘tasks’ that are related to ‘coping with the process of dying’. He further said that these ‘tasks’ may comprised (check) of dealing with financial arrangement for the family, dealing with losses such as physical deterioration, and family relationships.
From that, Corr (as cited in Copp, 1998) formulated his Task-Based Approach Theory and postulated four primary areas of task-work of dying people in coping with dying or death according to needs: Physical, Psychological, Social and Spiritual. Physical needs involve satisfying bodily needs and reducing physical stress in ways that are consistent to the things one values personally.
Psychological needs involve maximizing one’s psychological security, autonomy and richness of living. This is associated with approaching death with importance as well as humor, revisiting the past, discovering life after death and others that constitutes (check agreement) healthy death as recognized by caregivers.
Social needs involve sustaining and enhancing interpersonal relationship or attachment one values, sharing to other people how death affected one’s life and finishing unfinished business such as bidding goodbyes to long-lost friend/s and asking forgiveness.
Lastly, spiritual needs involve recognizing, enhancing and confirming sources of spiritual strength and meaning and in doing so, fostering hope.
Therefore, Corr (as cited in Copp, 1998) deals with death and dying in terms of developing awareness of and confronting experience that challenge both the dying person and people drawn to him/her. Furthermore, the strength of this theory is the assumption that dying is not restricted only to the dying individual, but the experience also affected the people who are drawn to that dying individual such as family, colleagues, or friends (Copp, 1998).

THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
According to Charles Corr’s Task-Based Approach Theory, a dying person should have an active participation in his coping process with death which involves ‘tasks’. The dying person was evoked to do these tasks as one (who? He or she?) became aware of his/her imminent death. Specifically, according to Corr, these ‘tasks’ were divided into four parts according to needs: physical, psychological, social and spiritual. During the process of doing these ‘tasks’ in relation to coping with death, not only the dying person was affected by the experience but also the people who are drawn to him/her. (why was? Based on specific event in the past?or is just an illustration?present tense for illustration)
Figure 1 in the next page shows that a dying person was evoked by his/her awareness of his/her sickness/imminent death to do the ‘tasks’ which are part of the coping process with death. Specifically, these ‘tasks’ were divide into four parts according to needs: physical, psychological, social and spiritual. And this experience of coping with death affected not only the dying person, but also the people who were drawn to the dying person. (same issue on tense)

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
Based on Charles Corr’s Task-Based Approach Theory in coping with death, the researchers have used their research study’s variables and modified some of the concepts to come up a much concise framework. Aside from awareness of the dying person of his/her imminent death, the researchers have considered the dying person’s past experiences with death as a factor that further motivates the dying person to participate in his/her coping process with death. From that, the dying person will be more than willing to do the ‘tasks’ as specified by Corr’s Task-Based Approach Theory which was (tense) divided into four parts according to needs: physical, psychological, social and spiritual. Furthermore, the theory only proposed that the entire experience of coping process with death affected both the dying person and the people who are drawn to him/her, but did not specify how or in what way. From that, the researchers specified that the coping process with death developed the concept of death of the dying person and of those people who are drawn to him/her as shown from the studies Iranmanesh (2009), and Byrne and McMurray (as cited in Iranmanesh, 2009). Moreover, the researchers have specified that the people who were drawn to the dying person were the dying person’s family, friends, and colleagues.
In the next page, Figure 2 shows that a dying person was (tense) evoked to do the ‘tasks’ by two factors: his/her awareness of his sickness/imminent death and past experiences with death. Moreover, these ‘tasks’ were divided into four parts: physical, psychological, social and spiritual. From that, the experience of coping process with death affected the concept of death of the dying person and the dying person’s family, friends and colleagues.

OPERATIONAL FRAMEWORK
With Corr’s Task-Based Approach Theory as the basis, the researchers have used their research study’s variables which are derived from Mitch Albom’s Tuesdays with Morrie. To start with, the dying person was Morrie Schwartz who was a doctor of sociology of Brandeis University in the city of Waltham, Massachusetts. He was Albom’s undergraduate and graduate professor. He was a lively professor not so long after he became aware of his incurable sickness which was amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). His awareness of his disease evoked him to wisely use his remaining time to live which leads to his coping process with death. Other than that, his past experiences with death such as the death of his mother at eight (who? Mother died at the age of eight?clarify) which was followed by the death of his father, further encourage him to cherish the remaining time he has since he doesn’t want to commit the same mistake of being not able to do the things that he should have been done before the death of his parents.
In his coping process with death, as specified by Corr’s theory, Morrie did the ‘tasks’ according to his needs. Physically, Morrie had taken some medicines such as pain relievers to relieve the pain but the number of medicines that needs to be taken increases as his disease progresses. He still eats food and sleeps as long as his body permits him to do so. At the latter part of the book, Morrie was already bedridden and have a medical apparatus attached to his nose to help him breath.
Psychologically, Mitch Albom helped Morrie satisfy that need when Mitch suddenly visits Morrie after seeing the news from television about Morrie’s impending death. They meet up on every Tuesdays to talk about the important topics the society had shunned or forgotten and talked about their old good times when Mitch was still an undergraduate of Morrie (ambiguous). Morrie had also shared to Mitch of the things that he had regretted such as the death of his parents and being not able to forgive earlier a friend of his who had already died.
Socially, Morrie was visited a couple of times by Ted Koppel to be interviewed and share his feelings, insights or views on death as death creeps up to him on Ted Koppel’s Koppel Show. Morrie has also discussion groups on dying and talks to bereaved people who want his advice on how to accept death. Being a loving father, he still has a stable relationship with his two sons: Rob and Jon. Furthermore, he is still a caring and a respectful (only one a)husband to his wife Charlotte. Other than that, no matter what his condition is, he continued to meet up with Mitch Albom at his home to discuss essential topics such fear of death and aging which he called their “final thesis” together and should be exposed to the world. Morrie’s wish was granted by Mitch Albom by making the “final thesis” into a book entitledTuesdays with Morrie and composed mostly of Morrie’s insights as he approaches death.
Spiritually, even though Morrie was a religious mutt, he learned to believe in God and he accepted that his sickness/death was part of God’s greater plan. In addition, he had shared his reflections not only to Albom but also to religious leaders and groups who visits him in his home to talk about death and dying.
During the entire coping process of death, the experience had developed Morrie’s views on death which can be reflected from his lines such as “Once you learn how to die, you learn how to live” (p.39) and “Death ends a life, not a relationship” (p.80) which were very meaningful and contemplative. Other than that, the experience had also developed the concept of death of the people who are drawn to him such as Ted Koppel, bereaved people who ask his advice, religious leaders and groups, colleagues, friends, family and lastly Mitch Albom. But the researchers will only focus on Mitch Albom as the person who was drawn to Morrie since it was him who’s (faulty) perspective on life and death had greatly changed due to his great participation to Morrie’s coping process with death. Specifically, Albom had learned to accept death and aging, understood how the terminally ill feels and thus, was able (not parallel with previous enumerated items beginning with had…) to understand his brother’s feelings and re-established his communication with his brother. In general, the two people who were greatly affected and changed after experiencing the coping process with death were Mitch Albom and Morrie Schwartz due to their constant meet-ups on Tuesdays no matter what the situation is.
Figure 3 in the next pages shows that Morrie Schwartz was the dying person. The first factor that evoked him to cope up with death was his awareness of his incurable disease which was amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Then, the second factor that further motivates him to cope up (remove up) with death was his past experiences with death which were the death of his mother at eight and followed by the death of his father. From that, Morrie had performed the ‘tasks’ in relation to his coping up (remove up) with death. Under physical needs, he takes (tense) many medicines, sleeps, and eats as long his body permits him to do so. Psychologically, he reminisced the past with Albom every Tuesday. Socially, he allows (tense) himself to be free for counseling, open discussions, and interviews to be able to share his insights on death. Furthermore, he meets up with Albom every Tuesday to talk about issues of the world and finish their “final thesis” together that covers his insights on death. Spiritually, he discusses his faith and insights with religious groups and leaders that visit him. Furthermore, he believed that his condition was God’s greater plan. The experience gained from coping up with death had then affected Morrie’s and Albom’s concept of death. Under Morrie, contemplative and meaningful concepts of death can be derived from his lines such as “Once you learn how to die, you learn how to live” (p.39) and “Death ends a life, not a relationship” (p.80). With Albom, he had learned to accept death and aging, understood how the terminally ill feels and thus, was able to understand his brother’s feelings and re-established his communication with his brother. (check tenses here)