saripada, mangmang chap 5 (comments in parentheses in between sentences)

CHAPTER V
PRESENTATION, INTERPRETATION AND ANALYSIS OF DATA
This chapter discusses the results from the survey conducted to the 30 students from three different types of schools which are catholic, public and laboratory high schools.
The first part of the chapter presents the data gathered through tabular, graphical and textual presentation; the interpretation of data through explanations, and the analysis of data through results comparison and statistical analysis.
Respondents
The respondents of the study were fourth year high school students from the University of San Carlos North Campus, Abellana National School, and University of the Philippines Cebu High School. These schools correspond to the main purpose of the study which is to compare the perception of the fourth year students from the catholic, public and laboratory high school. Through the non probability method applied in the study, the respondents were randomly selected depending on the availability of the students in a specific school.
Results and Analysis
To present the results in a comprehensive manner, the researchers tabulated the data according to the parts of the questionnaire. The first part is the personal background of the respondents: name, gender, age, school, religion, number of years studying in the school, and whether they have religion and values education subjects.
The second part which is the evaluation of the students to the commercial is subdivided into three parts namely (punctuation) the general message of the commercial, the characters of the commercial and the appropriateness of the commercial for tv airing. The last part is the school background with regards to the moral values taught to the students.

I. The personal background of the respondents
A. School
Equal number of respondents from each of the three schools was highly considered so as to provide equal treatment and a consistent and reasonable way of comparing the results of the respondents, which is the student’s perception towards the commercial. Below is the distribution of the respondents according to school.
Table 1.1 : School attended by the respondents

School Sample Size Percentage
University of San Carlos North Campus 10 33.33%
Abellana National School 10 33.33%
University of the Philippines High School Cebu 10 33.33%

As shown in the table, students from each school were equally distributed. The three schools each had a sample size of 10, which yielded to the same percentage of 33.33% of the total number of respondents of 30.
B. Gender
The study does not necessarily require a specific gender for the respondents. Due to the fact that the respondents were randomly selected depending on their availability, it is out of the researchers’ control whether the male or the female respondents are larger in number.
Table 1.2: Gender of USC North Campus students
Gender Frequency Percentage
male 6 60%
female 4 40%
total 10 100%

The table above shows the population of the respondents in terms of gender. Out of the 10 respondents, there are six who are males and four females. Majority (60%) of the respondents in the USC North Campus are male students.
Table 1.3: Gender of Abellana National School
Gender Frequency Percentage
male 4 40%
female 6 60%
total 10 100%

Majority of the respondents from Abellana National School are females. Six (60%) out of the ten respondents are females while only four (40%) are males.



Table 1.4: Gender of UP High School
Gender Frequency Percentage
Male 4 40%
Female 6 60%
Total 10 100%

The respondents from UP High School consist of four males and six female students. The male respondents compose the 60% of the total number of the respondents.
On the other hand, most of the respondents were female which comprised 57%(16) of the total sample size which is 30. The remaining 43% of the total sample size were males with a size number of 14.
C. Age
The age of the respondents is included in the questionnaire to verify whether the respondents are either 15 or 16 years old because fourth year students are mostly at these ages. It is important to know that the respondents are neither too young nor too mature to evaluate the commercial because the study needs the perception of students who are at their puberty age and are starting to develop attraction towards the opposite sex.
Table 1.5: Age of USC North Campus
Age Frequency Percentage
15 5 50%
16 5 50%
Total 10 100%

The table indicates that the respondents’ age is divided equally. Half of the population is 15 years old and the other half is 16 years old.

Table 1.6: Age of Abellana National School
Age Frequency Percentage
15 4 40%
16 5 50%
1 10%
total 10 100%

Among the 10 respondents, four students are 15 years old and five students are 16 years old. The remaining 10% is to the respondent (awkward) who was not able to answer this item. It shows that most of them or 50% of the respondents is 16 years old and only 40% is 15 years old.

Table 1.7: Age of respondents from UP High School
Age Frequency Percentage
15 5 50%
16 5 50%
Total 10 100%

As shown in the table above, the total number of the respondents who are 15 and 16 years old is equal. There are five of them who are 15 years old and the rest are 16 years old.


C. Religion
The type of religion of the respondents is needed in the study to determine whether the students in a specific type of school have similar or diverse religion.

Table 1.8: Religion of USC North Campus
Religion Frequency Percentage
Roman Catholic 10 100%
others 0 0

The table shows that all the respondents from a catholic school such as (punctuation) the USC North Campus are Roman Catholic. Since catholic schools are owned and managed by the Catholic church or religious orders, students in the catholic schools are expected not just to reflect on the religious doctrines, traditions and practices taught in their formal education (religion and values education subjects) but must apply in their “everyday living” their religious principles (UNO-R Institute of Research, 1976).

Table 1.9: Religion of Abellana National School
Religion Frequency Percentage
Roman Catholic 7 70%
Iglesia ni Cristo 1 10%
Born Again 1 10%
Latter-Day Saint 1 10%

The table shows the diversity of the religion of the students in a public school such as the Abellana National School. Among the 10 respondents, 7 are Roman Catholic, 1 Iglesia ni Cristo, 1 Born Again and 1 Latter-Day Saint. This implies that public schools accept students who have different types of belief or religion. Because they have different types of religion, their beliefs also vary. There are beliefs in Catholicism that do not exist in other religions such as believing in saints and celebration of feasts for the saints as well as the celibacy of the priests. Meanwhile, Born Again Christians, Iglesia ni Cristo, Latter-Day Saint and the others are more liberal in their beliefs such that they allow their pastors to get married.
Table 1.10: Religion of UP High School
Religion Frequency Percentage
Roman Catholic 8 80%
Iglesia ni Cristo 2 20%

The respondents in the UP High School have different religions because this school does not require a specific religion of the students. Likewise, this type of school provides freedom for their students in terms of their beliefs. Moreover, the researchers assume that laboratory schools like the UP High School do not have religion education or values education subjects.

D. Curriculum of the School
The researchers have decided not to show the data on the number of years the respondents studied in their schools because the researchers had already verified this detail even before letting the students answer the questionnaire.
Furthermore, the researchers take into account the importance of the curriculum of each type of school included in the study. Grace Chen (2007) explains that private schools are the ones that are religiously affiliated while the public and laboratory schools which are intended for everybody are usually not religiously affiliated. By checking whether both or either of the schools has religion education and values education subject, the researchers will be able to verify that the statement explained by Chen (2007) is applicable.

Table 1.11: Curriculum of the schools
Schools Religion education Values education
USC North Campus Yes (100%) Yes (100%)
Abellana National School Yes (100%) Yes (100%)
UP High School No (100%) No (30%)/ yes (70%)

The table shows that 100% of the respondents answered that their school teaches both the subjects. Hence, USC North Campus which is a catholic school contains religion and values education subjects in their curriculum.
Furthermore, as shown on the table about the type of religion of the students in USC North Campus, 100% of the respondents are Roman Catholic. The researchers come up with two assumptions: those Catholic schools do not accept students who are not Roman Catholic or the students who are not Roman Catholic choose not to study in catholic schools because this type of school might affect their beliefs.
The data on the curriculum of the schools supports the statement of Chen (2007) that catholic schools are religiously affiliated and that this school contains subjects that will form and develop the “true and perfect Christian“(UNO-R Institute of Research, 1976). In addition, because the students in catholic schools are Roman Catholic, the researchers presume that the religion education in catholic schools is focused on teaching morality based on the perspective of their religion. These subjects also teach the doctrines and practices of Roman Catholic.
Meanwhile, Abellana National School which is a public school also has religion and values education subject in their curriculum. The students in this school have different types of religion (shown on table 1.9).This data contradicts the assumption of the researchers that public schools do not have religion education to give respect to each of the students’ religion.
Since public school such as (faulty) the Abellana has religion and values education, the researchers presume that these subjects do not focus on the Roman Catholic perspective but tackle the different types of religion that exist in the country or teach moral values not based on one perspective of religion.
In addition, 10 (100%) of the respondents from UP High School answered that their school does not have religion education subject. Out of 10 students, 3 (spell out) of them answered that they do not have values education while 7 (check) answered ‘yes’. Since majority of them answered ‘yes’, the researchers assume that this school has values education and that the three students who answered ‘no’ do not consider or recognize their values education subject as such.

II. Respondents Evaluation of the Commercial
The succeeding part in this chapter presented the tabulation, interpretation and analysis of the data gathered from the respondent’s answers in the second part of the questionnaire which is the evaluation of the commercial. In order to obtain the unanimity of the respondents’ answers, the study used the weighted mean average to get the average of the respondents’ answers.
To determine the level of attitude of the respondents towards the commercial, the means from the different factors were calculated and tabulated. Below is the table of the respective level range in order to determine the level of extent of any factor for the three groups.
Table 2.1 : Value of Scale for Standardization
VALUE SCALE
4.21 – 5.00 Strongly Agree
3.41 – 4. 20 Agree
2.61 – 3.40 Undecided
1.81 – 2.60 Disagree
1.00 – 1.80 Strongly Disagree

The table above shows the corresponding level of attitude of the obtained range of the answers of the respondents. When the obtained mean ranges from 1.00-1.80 from a certain group, it means that the level of attitude of that particular group towards a certain factor (General Message of the Commercial, Commercial’s Characters, Suitability of Commercial for tv airing) is Strongly Disagree. The same goes with others where the obtained means may range from 1.81-2.60, the level of attitude is Disagree; 2.61-3.40 for Undecided; 3.41-4.20 for Agree and lastly, Strongly Agree when the range is from 4.21-5.00.

A. Message of the commercial
Yeshin (2006) points out that a commercial’s presentation will affect how the viewers understand the message it promotes. In addition, if the viewers grasp the intended message, meaning and purpose of the commercial, then the commercial is considered as effective (Yeshin, 2006). A misunderstood and misinterpreted commercial fails to effectively present the message.
There are two types of interpretation that this study recognizes. To make it easier to remember these interpretations, the researchers labeled these as the “McDo Products are Affordable” and the “McDo Commercial permits romantic relationship among children”. The former is the intended message of the commercial (Mcdo products are not expensive) as well as the purpose of the commercial which is to persuade the viewers to buy Mcdo products while the latter refers to the unintended messages that the commercial promotes such as involvement in a romantic relationship at an early age and the inappropriateness of the behavior of the characters in the commercial.
Through this, the researchers are able to determine the respondents’ interpretation of the commercial. Hence, the effectiveness of the commercial is determined.
The researchers presume that if the weighted average of the first interpretation (the intended message of the commercial) is higher than the second interpretation (the unconventional behavior the commercial promotes) the respondents consider the commercial effective towards promoting the affordability of the products. The researchers can also assume that the respondents have grasped the intended message of the commercial than the other messages that the commercial could possibly convey.

A. “McDo Products are Affordable”
This type of interpretation refers to the intended message of the commercial which is to convey that the products are affordable.
Table 2.2 Statements of the intended message of the commercial
Mcdo products are not expensive.
Even children can afford to buy Mcdo fries.
I can easily buy Mcdo products because it is affordable.

Table 2.3: “McDo Products are Affordable” interpretation of USC students
Level of Attitude Frequency (F) Weight(w) F(w)
Strongly Agree 8 5 40
Agree 16 4 64
Undecided 2 3 6
Disagree 3 2 6
Strongly Disagree 1 1 1
TOTAL 30 3.9
AGREE

The table illustrates the weighted mean score for the perception of the students from USC High school towards the general message commercial as “McDo Products are Affordable”. The calculated mean score is 3.9, which is under the category of Agree level of attitude. This means that the students from USC, a private catholic school, have a positive perception on the message of the commercial. This positive perception indicates that the USC students understood and saw clearly that the intended message of the McDonalds commercial is that products of the fast food McDonalds are relatively cheap and affordable.
Table 2.4: “McDo Products are Affordable” interpretation of ANS students
Choices Frequency (F) Weight (w) Fx
Strongly Agree 2 5 10
Agree 9 4 36
Undecided 1 3 3
Disagree 15 2 30
Strongly Disagree 3 1 3
Total 30 2.7
UNDECIDED

The table indicates that the weighted mean score for the perception of the students from Abellana National High school towards the general message commercial as “McDo Products are Affordable”.
As shown in the table, the calculated mean score of the Abellana students’ perception towards the message of the commercial is 2.73, which belongs to the range of the category, Undecided.
This means that the Abellana National School students, a public school, have a neutral perception on the message of the commercial. This neutral perception showed that the Abellana high school students weren’t fully considering that affordability of the McDo products was the intended message of the commercial. This perceived message of the students may be about something else other than affordability of McDo products.

Table 2.5: “McDo Products are Affordable” interpretation of UPHS students
Level of Attitude Frequency (F) Weight(w) F(w)
Strongly Agree 3 5 15
Agree 22 4 88
Undecided 1 3 3
Disagree 3 2 6
Strongly Disagree 1 1 1
TOTAL 30 2
AGREE

In the above table, the weighted mean score for the perception of the students from UP High school towards the general message commercial as “McDo Products are Affordable” is shown.
Given the scores in the table, the level of attitude of the UP High School students towards the message of the commercial is Agree, with a calculated mean score of 3.77.
This means that the UP High School students have shown a positive perception on the message of the commercial. This indicated (tense consistency. Present tense was used earlier) that UP High School students recognized that the message which says about affordability of the McDo products was the intended message of the McDonalds commercial.
B. “McDo Commercial promotes romantic relationship among children” interpretation

Table 2.6: Statements of the unintended message of the commercial
I can use Mcdo products to please someone I like.
I can have a boyfriend/girlfriend by buying him/her Mcdo fries.
I have to save my allowance before I can buy Mcdo products.



The table shows the statements that relate to the unintended messages of the commercial.
This type of interpretation refers to the other messages that the commercial could possibly convey to the viewers (e.g. involvement in romantic relationship at an early age, appropriateness of the age and behaviors of the characters).
By determining the interpretation of the students and whether they agree on the decision of the CBCP, the researchers will be able verify whether the commercial deserves to be pulled out or whether it is justifiable to pull out the commercial.
Table 2.5: “McDo Commercial permits romantic relationship among children” of USC High School Students
Level of Attitude Frequency (F) Weight(w) F(w)
Strongly Agree 3 5 15
Agree 6 4 24
Undecided 3 3 6
Disagree 10 2 20
Strongly Disagree 8 1 8
TOTAL 30 2.43
DISAGREE

The above table shows the weighted mean score for the perception of the students from USC High school towards the general message commercial as “McDo Permits relationship among children”.
The frequencies of the level related with the means were tallied and as a result, the USC High School students acquired a weighted mean score of 2.43 for their perception of the commercial message which tolerates relationship among children. This implies that the level of attitude of the USC students falls under the category of Disagree.
This means that the USC High School students have shown a negative perception on the message of the commercial. This indicated (same issue) that USC High School students did not think that the message of the commercial tells the audience to tolerate and allow romantic relationships among children.
Table 2.6 “McDo Commercial permits romantic relationship among children” of Abellana National High School Students
Level of Attitude Frequency (F) Weight(w) F(w)
Strongly Agree 0 5 0
Agree 5 4 20
Undecided 1 3 3
Disagree 13 2 26
Strongly Disagree 11 1 11
TOTAL 30 2
DISAGREE

The table shows the weighted mean score for the perception of the students from Abellana National School towards the general message commercial as “McDo Permits relationship among children”.
The Abellana National School students acquired a weighted mean score of 2 for their perception of the commercial message which tolerates relationship among children. This implies that the Abellana National School students had a Disagree level of attitude.
This means that the Abellana National School students had a negative perception towards the said commercial message. Hence, they believed that the message which allowed romantic relationships among children was not the message the commercial wants to convey to the audience.

Table 2.7: “McDo Commercial permits romantic relationship among children” of UP High School Students
Level of Attitude Frequency (F) Weight(w) F(w)
Strongly Agree 4 5 20
Agree 8 4 32
Undecided 0 3 0
Disagree 11 2 22
Strongly Disagree 7 1 7
TOTAL 30 2.7
UNDECIDED

The above table shows the weighted mean score for the perception of the students from UP High School towards the general message commercial as “McDo Permits relationship among children”.
The UP High School students acquired a weighted mean score of 2.70 for their perception of the commercial message which tolerates relationship among children. This implies that the UP High School students had an Undecided level of attitude.
This means that the UP High School students were doubtful that the message which allowed romantic relationships among children was the message the commercial wants to convey to the audience.
Graph 1.1 Comparison of the respondents’ interpretation of the message of the commercial







The graph above shows the comparison of the interpretation of the three schools on the message of the commercial.
As indicated in the graph, the respondents from the USC have agreed (why present progressive?) (weighted mean of 3.9) that the intended message of the commercial is about the affordability of the Mcdo. On the other hand, USC disagree (2.43) that the other messages in the commercial are more dominant over the intended message. This implies that the students from this school consider the presentation of the message in the commercial effective. Needless to say, they have a positive view that the intended message of commercial is about the affordability of the products.
The results imply that the respondents from this school have liberal perspective to the commercial. This data contradicts to the assumption of the researchers that the students from catholic schools have conservative beliefs and attitudes due to the curriculum of the school (religion and values education subjects).
Meanwhile, the respondents from ANS are undecided (2.7) whether the commercial’s intended message is the affordability of the Mcdo products. The graph also indicates that the ANHS students’ level of attitude towards the other messages that the commercial promotes is “disagree”. This means that their interpretation of the commercial is not based on the other messages present in the commercial.
Furthermore, the students from UPHS agree (2) on the intended message of the commercial. Nevertheless, they are undecided (2.7) whether the commercial promotes involvement in romantic relationship among the children and teenagers. Thus, the students grasped the intended message of the commercial, considered the presentation of the intended message effective and were unconvinced that the commercial conveys other messages.


B. Characters of the Commercial
1. Character’s Age and behavior Appropriateness
The CBCP requested to pull out the commercial because it promotes messages other than the affordability of the Mcdo products. Furthermore, CBCP also said that the commercial will encourage or influence the children to involve in a romantic relationship though they are not yet at the right age for this behavior.
The researchers included the evaluation of the appropriateness of the age and the behavior of the characters in the commercial considering that they played the unusual roles in the commercial.


Table 3: Statements of the age and behavior appropriateness of the characters
The characters will not influence young people to engage in a romantic relationship.
There is nothing wrong with the characters’ behavior (holding each other’s hands while walking) because they don’t have malice on what they are doing.
Young people today are capable of handling romantic relationship because they easily get mature.
The commercial is not offensive to women because the idea that women do the first move is now accepted in our modern society.
The concept of Filipinos being conservative has now changed, so it is accepted to be involved in a romantic relationship even at a very young age.

The table shows the statements used as instruments to measure the perception of the students on the appropriateness of the age and behavior of the characters in the commercial.
Table 3.1: Perception of USC High School Students of Characters of the Commercial in terms of Character’s Age Appropriateness & Behavior
Level of Attitude Frequency (F) Weight(w) F(w)
Strongly Agree 1 5 5
Agree 8 4 32
Undecided 2 3 6
Disagree 3 2 6
Strongly Disagree 6 1 6
TOTAL 30 2.75
UNDECIDED


The table above shows that the respondents from USC are undecided on the age and behavior appropriateness of the characters in the commercial. This data contradicts the assumption of the researchers towards the students from catholic schools. The researchers indicated that the students from this type of school are suppose to be conservative and are against the unconventional behaviors such as the involvement of children in a romantic relationship and the aggressiveness of women in courting.
The data does not correspond as well to the Social Learning Theory by Carl Hovland which states that an idea frequently communicated to an individual will result to “attitude change” or learning. The constant exposure of some ideas and values being taught within to person’s social consciousness will influence his/her perception towards his surroundings.
The students in catholic schools are expected to develop a conservative view due to the fact that they have religion and values education in their curriculum. Aside from it, the teachers are also assume (faulty) to have influence the perception of their students as indicated in the observational theory by Bandura and Walters (1997). This principle explains that a person learns certain values from mere observation of the actions and behaviors of the people that surround him/her (Bandura and Walters, 1997). This theory supports the idea that the social environment which includes the people can affect the person’s attitude and actions.
Table 3.2: Perception of Abellana National High School Students of Characters of the Commercial in terms of Character’s Age Appropriateness & Behavior
Level of Attitude Frequency (F) Weight(w) F(w)
Strongly Agree 3 5 15
Agree 6 4 24
Undecided 0 3 0
Disagree 20 2 40
Strongly Disagree 11 1 11
TOTAL 50 1.8
STRONGLY DISAGREE
The students from Abellana National School strongly disagree that the age and the behavior of the characters in the commercial is appropriate. As stated by the researchers, public high schools are more liberal in their education considering the school’s curriculum does not focus on religion so as to accommodate the increasing number of students in the country. The data shown earlier contradicts the assumption of the researchers because Abellana National School which is a public school has religion and values education subjects. The students’ perception towards the commercial reflects what they might have learned from these subjects. Their decision indicates that they do not agree that the children get involved in a romantic relationship even they are not yet at the right age, that children behave like a couple and that girls become aggressive in courting. To support this is the Social Learning Theory by Carl Hovland. The researchers assume that the respondents’ decision is due to their constant exposure to conservative ideas being taught in their religion and values education subjects. Moreover, the influence of the school to the attitude and perception of the students is because of the teachers, administrators, curriculum and policies (Astill, Feather and Keeves, 2002).
Table 3.3: Perception of UP High School Students of Characters of the Commercial in terms of Character’s Age Appropriateness & Behavior
Level of Attitude Frequency (F) Weight(w) F(w)
Strongly Agree 7 5 35
Agree 19 4 76
Undecided 3 3 9
Disagree 13 2 26
Strongly Disagree 8 1 8
TOTAL 50 3.08
UNDECIDED
The table 3.3 shows that the respondents from UP High School are undecided on whether the age and the behavior of the characters are appropriate in the commercial. This data corresponds to the notion that the laboratory or special science high schools are liberal in education compared to catholic schools due to the fact that these schools have a science based curriculum which concentrates on the students’ advancement on subjects that particularly focus on science and technology.

From the four categories, and from males and females, the results must be subjected to presentation according to the similarities and differences on the results of the males and females. Below is a graph that expresses about the four categories by the means and rating level.
Graph 1.2: Attitude Score Means of the Students from the three Schools towards the different factors

The graph shows the comparison of the perception of the students from the three types of school. The three schools have different perceptions because they are from different schools which have dissimilar curriculum.
This supports the assumption of the researchers that the students from different types of school will show different perceptions toward the advertisement considering the differences of the ideas present in the environment in which the students are exposed.
Moreover, the teachers from the different types of the schools have different way of morally educating their students and that they are also following the curriculum of the school.
The Individual Difference Theory which states that the people’s response on the information presented by the media varies due to the “individual’s own set of experiences, needs and personality structures”. (Severin and Tankard, 1992) is proven.
C. TV Airing of the Commercial
After determining the general interpretation and the perception of the students towards the commercial, it is necessary therefore to evaluate whether the respondents consider the commercial appropriate for tv airing. In order to have a comprehensible evaluation on the perception of the respondents towards the suitability of the commercial for tv airing, the formulated statements included in this part are centered on the appropriateness of the commercial’s characters( age and behavior) and the commercial’s message based on our Philippine culture.

Table 3.4: TV airing of the Commercial of USC High School Students
YES NO
54 46


TOTAL(N) = 100
For the students in USC North Campus, the commercial is suitable for tv airing. Due to this, they do not consider the commercial offensive and influential in encouraging the children to involve in a romantic relationship. As stated in their interpretation of the message of the commercial, they consider the intended message of the commercial more dominant as compared to the other messages that it promotes. It shows that since they look at the commercial as promoting only the affordability of the products, their interpretation coincides to their decision that the commercial is suitable for tv airing.

Table 3.5: TV airing of the Commercial of Abellana National High School Students
YES NO
56 44


TOTAL(N) = 100
Though the respondents from this school strongly disagree on the appropriateness of the age and the behavior of the characters in the commercial, majority of them still agree that the commercial is suitable for national viewing.
Table 3.6 TV airing of the Commercial of UP High School Students
YES NO
50 50


TOTAL (N) = 100
Since the respondents from this school are undecided on the appropriateness of the age and the behavior of the characters, their decision towards the suitability of the commercial for tv airing is equal- 50% of them agree and 50% disagree.
Graph 1.3 Scores on the likeness of TV airing of the Commercial among USC, Abellana and UP High School Students


The graph above is the comparison of the decision of the three schools towards the appropriateness of commercial for tv airing.

C. Schools’ Attitude towards Relationship
Table 3.7: Scores on the Attitude Towards Relationship of USC High School
YES 35
NO 15
TOTAL(N) = 50

Scores on the Attitude Towards Relationship of Abellana National High School

YES 34
NO 16
TOTAL(N) = 100

Scores on the Attitude Towards Relationship of UP High School
YES 40
NO 10
TOTAL(N) = 100





The graph above shows the scores on the different schools’ attitude towards relationship. This attitude refers to the schools’ moral standards regarding involvement of students in romantic relationship.
As shown in the graph, students from UP High rated first among three schools with a score 40 yes, while USC students rated second and lastly, the Abellana National School students. The graph shows that majority of the students from all three schools believed that their school imposes strict discipline with regards to the students’ engagement in romantic relationship.
These results contradict to the notion that catholic schools have been established for the purpose of providing not just education for the youth but to pursue religious objectives over and above other goals. This type of school proposes programs into its curriculum that conform to the religious study and devotional exercises. The school’s objective which is to form and develop the “true and perfect Christian“ is attained (UNO-R Institute of Research, 1976).
On the other hand, the laboratory or special science high schools are supposed to be liberal in education compared to catholic schools due to the fact that these schools have a science based curriculum which concentrates on the students’ advancement on subjects that particularly focus on science and technology.
Since UP High School got the highest rate for the school’s “attitude” towards romantic relationship, this also contradicts the assumption that the school is liberal.
(A more in-depth analysis of the result is expected here, comparing their answers re commercial and their attitude towards relationship or mortality, and see the irony/contradiction.)