alombro chap 3

Chapter 3
1. The theory is a mean (check)
2. very good revision

CHAPTER THREE
STUDY FRAMEWORK

Theoretical Framework
In conducting the research, theories were used in order to provide basis or guidelines to correlate with the actual result. These theories can (somehow) explain the relationship of the variables considered in the study. These theories may give a tentative explanation on the relationship of factors to the assessment of the program.

In determining the success of the government projects or programs, it is best to evaluate them. The constituents of that particular area are the best respondents in evaluating the program. In finding the right results, Joseph Wholey developed the theory of evaluability assessment.

According to Wholey (1979), there are three meanings of the theory. The theory is a mean to assess whether the program is ready to be managed for results, what changes are needed to do so, and whether the evaluation would contribute to improved program performance. It is also a negotiation and investigation undertaken jointly by the evaluator, the evaluation sponsor, and possibly other stakeholders to determine whether a program meets the preconditions for evaluations and, if so, how the evaluation is designed. Lastly, the theory of evaluability assessment explores the objectives, expectations, and information needs of a program. The theory assesses the likelihood of the program activities in order to achieve measurable progress towards the program’s objectives. It also assesses the extent to which evaluation information is likely to be used by program management. The products of this theory are as follows: (1) a set of criteria and performance indicators on which the programs can realistically be held accountable; and (2) a set of evaluation or management options which can represent ways, which the management can exchange activities in order to, improve the program performance.

Wholey’s theory on the evaluability assessment has many levels. He calls it as the sequential purchase of information. The different levels will help in acquiring valid data for gathering information from the people. The following are the three key types of evaluation discussed by Joseph Wholey.

First on the list is the rapid feedback evaluation. The rapid feedback evaluation is just a quick assessment of the program based on the agreed criteria. This will also give a more valid source of full time evaluation.

Second to it is the performance monitoring which is the establishment of the on-going process of the evaluation. Lastly, is the intensive evaluation. This takes some effort in experimentation of the validity of the casual assumption of the linking programs to outcomes.

Wholey’s evaluating assessment theory has also its major program theory components. First is the program theory, which comprises the impact theory and the process theory. Second is the impact theory. This theory shows the results that are supposed to happen with the program. The outcome includes proximal outcomes (more immediate results) and the distal outcome (this is longer than the proximal outcome).

The next two major components of the evaluating assessment theory are the service utilization plan and the organizational plan, or also known as the process theory. The process theory requires process of evaluation.

Figure 1 on the next page shows the relationship of the variables in connection with the theory of evaluability assessment. The figure briefly identifies that its stakeholders/evaluators are assessing the program or the project of the government (randomly). However, in assessing the program, certain guidelines must be followed.






PROGRAM/GOVERNMENT PROJECTS
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EVALUATORS/STAKEHOLDERS
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STANDARDS/ CRITERIA FOR EVALUATION


Figure 1. Theoretical Framework of the Study


Conceptual Framework

Under the 1987 constitution, as stated by Isagani Cruz in his book on the Philippine Political Law, the local government units are allowed to develop their own resources, which can lead to the contribution of the country’s progress. More importantly, the sense of involvement will be acquired by the constituents.

Under the local government unit is the barangay. The barangay’s role is to be the “mini-government” of the specified area. It is to implement, amend and enact laws (in the form of ordinances). The laws must be humane and must be in line with the present constitution.

Figure 2 shows how the barangay program is being evaluated. The residents of the barangay are the beneficiaries in the entire barangay program. They are the ones who are directly affected in all the barangay ordinances. It is safe to say that the residents have the knowledge on whether or not the programs being implemented are successful and are beneficial to their society.

Criteria setting are very important in evaluating the particular program. These are very important in order for us to determine the success rate of the program. The evaluation of the program must begin with the implementation of it. Is the program well implemented by the barangay officials? Are the residents informed about it? Second, it is important to rate the performance of the officials in connection with the implementation of the program. Are the barangay officials doing their part in executing the program? Lastly, is the availability and adequacy of the program. Are there enough facilities enough to accommodate the residents? Are the facilities available to all the residents?

BARANGAY PROGRAM
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RESIDENTS
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IMPLEMENTATION, PERFORMANCE, ADEQUACY

Figure 2. Conceptual Framework of the Study


Operational Framework

The Solid Waste Management Program of Barangay Lahug is in line with R.A. 9003 or also known as the Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000. The barangay also enacted its own ordinance that is similarly connected with R.A. 9003.

The barangay Lahug residents will be the respondents in evaluating the barangay program. They will evaluate the following aspects of information dissemination and the Solid Waste Management Program of the barangay, the responsive attempts and participation of their very own barangay officials and also the availability of the facilities needed to comply with the standards of the program.

The theory of evaluability assessment is in line with the studies’ goal that is to assess the policy on the proper solid waste management enacted by the city government. This will ensure that the program is properly administered and has the sufficient facilities and enough funds. The theory will also help in determining the peoples’ reaction on the strengths and weaknesses of the implementation of the program.
In figure 3 on the next page shows the interaction of the implemented solid waste management program of Barangay Lahug. The residents of the said barangay are the respondents for the evaluation/survey of the researcher. The residents will evaluate if the program is well implemented, if the barangay officials are doing there part in executing the program and so on.