sanchez rosa chap 3

1. In this study (insert comma) “Filipino Psychiatrists’ and Psychologists’ Approach to the Most Common Mental Illness of Cebuanos”, it is very important that we first know what is the main reason or the factors that could affect the Cebuanos Mental state. (Why capitalize mental state?)
2. One of the theories that were believed in by so many people a very long time ago was the theory that man got his personality out of his genes interference. That everything in his personality was dictated by his genes and there’s nothing he can do to change it because it’s an inborn trait that was passed on by his parents. This theory was taught by the philosophers Plato and Aristotle. On the other hand John Locke formulated his theory of “tabula rasa” which means that the human mind is in a blank state ever since it is born; therefore it’s the experience that molds its personality. Later on, these difference in beliefs resulted to the debate regarding “nature vs. nurture”. (sources here? Where you got this info)
3. During the year 1977, a Psychiatrist by the name of George Engel developed a model that could explain how personality is formed and an imbalance on it could cause for a mental illness. This is the BPS model or the Biopsychosocial Model. (clarify sourcing; did you get his own book or just read it from another source? Cite year and author)
4. In his theory he discussed that the possible reason for acquiring the mental illness is first the biological factor, second the psychological factor, and third is the social factor. (faulty)
5. The Biological factor is affected by the genes which is the inborn identity that was passed on by the parents to the offspring. The abnormalities can also be caused by, the neurotransmitters. Neurotransmitters are the chemicals transmitted by the neurons to pass signals to the other neurons. Neurotransmitters main purpose is to carry messages from one neuron to another. The different types of neurotransmitters are caused by the difference in chemical concentrations. In the case of schizophrenia, it was hypothesized during the 1960’s that it is caused by a high level of dopamine in the certain parts of the brain and could lead to symptoms of schizophrenia. Another biological factors are biological effects of accidents and injuries. (citation?)
6. On the other hand, the environmental factors could be caused by political reasons such as corruption and injustices, etc. Another is the economic reasons which includes poverty, and last is the disasters caused by the natural environment such as calamities which includes typhoons, earthquakes, floods, etc. The treatments for mental illness caused by these factors are psychotherapies or talk therapies and medicines. (citation)
7. In this research study it will be aimed by the researcher (awkward)
8. In this research study it will be aimed by the researcher to know the most common mental illness of Cebuanos based on the records of illness taken from Vicente Sotto Medical Hospital in the Department of Behavioral Science. This research will use the model introduced by George Engel in the year 1977 which reflects that the causes for behavior and abnormalities on it does not end only on the biological aspect but is also affected by the Psychological, which includes traumas and abuses, and environmental factors which include natural calamities, political, and economic reasons.
During the interviews with the professionals, they will be asked what could be the cause of the most common mental illness of Cebuanos, based on the model introduced by Engel. And what specifically in the Cebuano society or culture could cause for the acquisition of the most common mental illness. This is for the sake of every Cebuano, in order for them to be more aware and to work hand in hand to eliminate that factor in the society, to prevent more people from acquiring such mental illness.
Furthermore, the professionals will be asked what methods they are using in order to treat the most common mental illness of Cebuanos, if it’s medicine, or if it is psychotherapies. If the professional uses psychotherapies what specific psychotherapy are they using? Moreover, they will be asked how the treatment is done, what are the procedures and what is the percentage that their approach is going to work on the patients. (This is methodology.explain how your theories work for those mentally ill.
9. Your chapter lacks reference to your diagram. It does not introduce/point to the diagram.you do not have diagram also.
10. Check sample of chapter 3 in my blog


Chapter III

Theoretical Framework

In this study “Filipino Psychiatrists’ and Psychologists’ Approach to the Most Common Mental Illness of Cebuanos”, it is very important that we first know what is the main reason or the factors that could affect the Cebuanos Mental state. This is also to address the Cebuano Society’s needs to have a secure and a healthy environment to live in with the help of the government, and also with the help of one another.
Psychiatrists and Psychologists approach to a mental illness vary depending on the Psychiatrist or Psychologists conceptual model or the theory that the professional believed to cause the illness. Debates on the theories are still going on until the present and are still evolving by the help also of current studies. Even before the present theories have been embraced by so many Professionals in the field of human behavior, theories regarding personality and the causes for mental illness evolved from the different school of thoughts as an influence of the philosophers in the early Greek society.
One of the theories that were believed in by so many people a very long time ago was the theory that man got his personality out of his genes interference. That everything in his personality was dictated by his genes and there’s nothing he can do to change it because it’s an inborn trait that was passed on by his parents. This theory was taught by the philosophers Plato and Aristotle. On the other hand John Locke formulated his theory of “tabula rasa” which means that the human mind is in a blank state ever since it is born; therefore it’s the experience that molds its personality. Later on, these difference in beliefs resulted to the debate regarding “nature vs. nurture”.
During the year 1977, a Psychiatrist by the name of George Engel developed a model that could explain how personality is formed and an imbalance on it could cause for a mental illness. This is the BPS model or the Biopsychosocial Model. He first introduced this to the world through his paper published in the journal Science that he wrote entitled “The Need for a New Medical Model: A Challenge for Biomedicine”. In his work he stated that the Biological, Psychological, and the Social factors are interrelated in the formation of a person’s personality and could also result to a negative effect if not addressed correctly.

Conceptual Framework

This study will answer what is the most common mental illness of Cebuanos, and what could be the possible cause of this illness. This will be based on the theory that the researcher discussed in the first part of this chapter, the theory by George Engel on Biopsychosocial factors. In his theory he discussed that the possible reason for acquiring the mental illness is first the biological factor, second the psychological factor, and third is the social factor.
The Biological factor is affected by the genes which is the inborn identity that was passed on by the parents to the offspring. The abnormalities can also be caused by, the neurotransmitters. Neurotransmitters are the chemicals transmitted by the neurons to pass signals to the other neurons. Neurotransmitters main purpose is to carry messages from one neuron to another. The different types of neurotransmitters are caused by the difference in chemical concentrations. In the case of schizophrenia, it was hypothesized during the 1960’s that it is caused by a high level of dopamine in the certain parts of the brain and could lead to symptoms of schizophrenia. Another biological factors are biological effects of accidents and injuries.
The Psychological factor is also affected in many ways. First it could be caused by traumas. Traumas could be a result of extreme experiences of a person. Usually, what is believed by many is that many psychotic patients experienced abuses and other unbearable life events, such as death of loved ones, in the person’s life.
On the other hand, the environmental factors could be caused by political reasons such as corruption and injustices, etc. Another is the economic reasons which includes poverty, and last is the disasters caused by the natural environment such as calamities which includes typhoons, earthquakes, floods, etc. The treatments for mental illness caused by these factors are psychotherapies or talk therapies and medicines.

Operational Framework
In this research study it will be aimed by the researcher to know the most common mental illness of Cebuanos based on the records of illness taken from Vicente Sotto Medical Hospital in the Department of Behavioral Science. This research will use the model introduced by George Engel in the year 1977 which reflects that the causes for behavior and abnormalities on it does not end only on the biological aspect but is also affected by the Psychological, which includes traumas and abuses, and environmental factors which include natural calamities, political, and economic reasons.
During the interviews with the professionals, they will be asked what could be the cause of the most common mental illness of Cebuanos, based on the model introduced by Engel. And what specifically in the Cebuano society or culture could cause for the acquisition of the most common mental illness. This is for the sake of every Cebuano, in order for them to be more aware and to work hand in hand to eliminate that factor in the society, to prevent more people from acquiring such mental illness.
Furthermore, the professionals will be asked what methods they are using in order to treat the most common mental illness of Cebuanos, if it’s medicine, or if it is psychotherapies. If the professional uses psychotherapies what specific psychotherapy are they using? Moreover, they will be asked how the treatment is done, what are the procedures and what is the percentage that their approach is going to work on the patients.

sanchez rosa chap 1

comments
1. This study, as a whole, aims to answer the question, what is the most common approach of Filipino Psychiatrists and Psychologists to the most common mental illness of the Cebuanos. (enclose question in quotation marks)
2. The objective of this study is: (you have more than one objectives)
1. To know the most common mental illness of Cebuanos? (Based on the records of mental illness diagnosed at Vicente Sotto Medical Hospital)
2. To know the possible reason why Cebuanos are prone to have this problem?
3. To know the most common approach/method used by Psychiatrists and Psychologists to treat this Illness?
4. To know how the method is done?
3. In this study, since it seeks to answer what are the causes for mental disorders ---biological, psychological, or social --- it will aim what specifically is the cause especially if it is due to social factors. (faulty)

Chapter I
Introduction

Rationale
Mental illness is one of the huge problems not only of the Philippines, but also of the whole world, yet it is not given enough attention by developing countries like the Philippines, and even the developed countries as well giving just a little percent of their country’s total GDP. In Japan, which belonged to the developed countries, it is said that they spend a total of 0.5% from their total GDP for mental health yet it is still not enough considering the damage mental illness could cause (Abanilla et.al, 2008).
Mental illnesses are acquired in different ways; it could be biological, environmental, or psychological. Biological in a way that it is passed on genetically by the parents to the offspring; environmental due to political, disasters, and economic reasons; and lastly it could be psychological due to traumas and abuses. These things could affect the mental state of a person. Having these factors that can cause mental illness, Filipinos are unaware of them due to lack of education.
As the ongoing problems of the society intensify ---natural calamities and even the considered unnatural once brought by global warming, killings, unsolved cases, injustices, etc. --- many ordinary citizens are being affected. In the Philippines, corruption as one of its problems may lead to other problems such as massive unemployment and great number of uneducated and financially unsatisfied individuals. These things based on cause-and-effect phenomena in the society may also result to crimes and to abuses which may lead to a mental illness due to unbearable life events.
Since poverty is always on the rise, many in the Philippines cannot afford to send those that are psychologically-ill into mental hospitals and as a result they are left to wander along the streets with no proper care by a family member or doctor. These people are called in the Filipino language as “taong grasa” and in the Cebuano Dialect as “buang” or insane. Unfortunately, due to lack of public awareness of how these people should be helped, many look down on them and consider them dangerous, leaving them at their helpless state. And considering this reason, Filipinos tend to just take it for granted; without even knowing the results and consequences of it. The victims of these illnesses are being isolated from the society and being discriminated, thus, led to more damage psychologically.
Since Filipinos do not really take mental illness seriously due to lack of knowledge about it and also because of poverty, most of the Filipinos do not undergo treatments for mental disorders other than schizophrenia, autism, and other obvious cases of mental illness. Mental illness as perceived by the common people is characterized by an obvious sudden change in behavior (schizophrenia). It is even stereotyped that for those who have a mental illness are “buang” or insane, referring to schizophrenia. In this research study, Cebuanos’ most common mental illness based only on the records of mental hospitals will be assessed. The mental illness will be addressed through knowing the probable cause of the illness ---biological, psychological, or environmental. Next is through gathering of information from the experts about the approach they are using to address the most common mental illness of Cebuanos, the procedure of the approach they are using, and most importantly, what things should be done to help prevent Cebuanos from acquiring such mental illness.

Statement of the problem

This study, as a whole, aims to answer the question, what is the most common approach of Filipino Psychiatrists and Psychologists to the most common mental illness of the Cebuanos. It will be based on the records of Vicente Sotto Medical Hospital’s Asylum, and the approaches of Professionals in this field found in the domains of Cebu province, particularly in the city of Cebu.

The objective of this study is:
1. To know the most common mental illness of Cebuanos? (Based on the records of mental illness diagnosed at Vicente Sotto Medical Hospital)
2. To know the possible reason why Cebuanos are prone to have this problem?
3. To know the most common approach/method used by Psychiatrists and Psychologists to treat this Illness?
4. To know how the method is done?
5. And to know how effective the method is?



Significance of the Study
Mental illness may be a result of certain factors in the society including culture, and norms. In this study, since it seeks to answer what are the causes for mental disorders ---biological, psychological, or social --- it will aim what specifically is the cause especially if it is due to social factors. This study will benefit the Cebuanos since it will aim to address their most common mental illness, and it will also help them to be more aware and do extra precautions for their mental health after the probable cause of the illness will be known.
This study will also benefit the Government since it will give them the idea of what in the Philippine society, specifically the Cebuano society, could probably cause such illness and they could make laws and other proper actions to help prevent the Filipinos from acquiring such mental illness. If the problem is social the local government may be able to do something about it through making the citizens more aware that certain values or culture of Cebuanos will open for the probability for more citizens to acquire mental illness, therefore must be less practiced or applied.
Lastly, this study will give everyone an idea of how mentally ill individuals should be taken care of and it will call for everyone’s attention to help those that are left in the streets or “taong grasa”.

projimo chap 1

comments
1. ” It is true that if people especially students are more educated about the concept of stress and more knowledge of stress management strategies will enable individuals to better cope with the stress and pressure of living in today’s modern society. (faulty)
2. The researcher chose this research topic in order to know what causes stress and what the effective ways to combat stress are. The researcher chose this specific topic (repeated)

Chapter I
INTRODUCTION

Rationale of the Study

The youthful generation of the world today are driven to excel in the different fields that they are interested in. College students are expected to be more serious in their studies than during their primary and elementary education years. Their tertiary education is crucial for them since it determines the course of their future. College is the transitional phase which prepares the student to the harsh realities of the independent life of an adult.
College students experience a lot of significant life events that become learning experiences for them. Somehow these life events have an effect on the students especially with regards to their academic performance. These life events could be factors that trigger stress. A very high number of college students admit that they experience stressful events while trying to comply with various demands from the school and the society.
According to Anstead (2009), “stress is inevitable but knowledge of effective stress management strategies may serve to empower individuals.” It is true that if people especially students are more educated about the concept of stress and more knowledge of stress management strategies will enable individuals to better cope with the stress and pressure of living in today’s modern society.
There is a growing need for awareness of stress and its effects. Certain factors that lead to stress should be considered in order to derive effective stress management practices. The inability to cope with stress will lead to various problems that would eventually affect one's health.
The experience of stress is not a surprise to anyone who goes to college. Once students enter college, they will experience a lot of events that would be stressful for them. Particularly, first year college students who have yet to taste what real college life is, are put to the challenge of discovering the essence of college. They will discover that college is not the same as high school and that college is harder and probable more serious than ever before.
First year students, commonly known as freshmen students, need to understand the importance of stress management since college life is really prone to experiences of stress. As freshmen learn to overcome the challenges of a new and different phase of their life, it is quite inevitable to control some events that will happen thus, they will experience stress.
Stress according to Donkin (1989), is a person’s “physical and emotional reaction to change.” The changes that a first year student encounters upon entering college are many like having to make new friends and familiarizing the new environment plus having to keep up with school activities and lessons in class. These changes could trigger stress for the student.
According to Campbell, Svenson and Jarvis (1992), “studies have shown that when stress becomes excessive, it can affect both health and academic performance” (as cited in Anstead, 2009). This shows that there is a need for students to be aware of the effects of stress and be able to evaluate their selves considering the different practices of stress management that they have applied. Students would not want to become ill or to have low grades in their subjects. It is really important to understand how stress affects them and their academic performance.
There is a need to be able to understand the harmful effects of stress and how these affect the academic performance of students. Conducting this study will give an opportunity to avoid stress and its effects. Stress management is vital at this stage. It will help students to keep stress in check in order to be still able to work efficiently. It is necessary to be attuned with the needs of the students to apply proper stress management in order to perform well in their academics.
The researcher chose this research topic in order to know what causes stress and what the effective ways to combat stress are. The researcher chose this specific topic because she always experiences stress and she wants to lessen and avoid experiencing stress as much as possible. In line with the research, the researcher seeks to understand stress and make it a basis to improve her lifestyle and stress management pratices. The researcher observed that most students claim to be stressed with various life events especially when it comes to school work and requirements. Some students’ academic performance seems to have been greatly affected by their experience to stress. This topic was chosen in order to evaluate the effectiveness of the currently applied stress management practices of the first year students.

Statement of the Problem

The study aims to evaluate the Stress Management Practices of the First Year Students of the UPCC. Specifically, the researcher aims to address the following objectives:
1. To discover how the student knows that he/she is stressed out,
2. To know what are the causes of stress,
3. To know how often stress is experienced,
4. To know how the student manages stress,
5. To know the effectiveness of the student’s ways of managing stress,
6. To know if the student was able to perform well in class,
7. To know if the stress management practices of the student improved his/her academic performance.

Significance of the Study

In the fulfilment of this study, several of people will benefit from the findings and conclusions of this study, especially the students, teachers, family members and those who are experiencing stress.
This research study will help the students know the effectiveness of their applied stress management practices in relation to their academic performance. They would know that their perspective of stress would affect their stress management. The students would also know if their ways of coping with stress is beneficial to them or not.
The teachers would be more considerate of students’ conditions with regards to factors that could cause chronic stress. Teachers would also be able to reflect on their stress management practices and come up with ways to keep the experience of stress at an optimum level for themselves and their students.
Furthermore, this study will inform the family members of students and probably teachers too about how stress can affect the performance of the students and teachers. The family members would also be informed that they can be stressors that could lead the student or teacher to experience stress.
Lastly, the findings of this study can help others who are experiencing stress to evaluate themselves and their ways in coping with stress. This study will enable them to understand more the circumstances of stress and be able to come up with effective practices that would be beneficial to them and to their work.