update no. 3

update 3: i will go back checking 7pm tonight since we have a recital the whole afternoon
A. balite/devera, padata/sangutan, fernandez/estrecho, please prepare power point presentation for i may consider you to the second batch 2-4pm/monday after i check your 5 and 6.
B. sale/torrente, i will post 2,3,4 tonight
C. briones/fernandez,flores/gaspe, pimentel quijada, will email back 5 and 6 tonight and your unchecked chapters to my blog.
D.llesol/marfa, alombro, please pick up your papers at the guard'd house this 3pm.

update no. 2: list of pending and approved presentors

Note: the qualified presentors are those whose papers are almost 90% acceptable or nearly passed the high standard of UP scholarship. Approval for printing of paper is given to those whose second drafts are nearly perfect.

first batch 9-11 a.m
1. castillo,alda
2. cosmo, embog
3. bual,watin
4. argallon, milan

presentors for 2nd batch 2-4p.m to follow

pending upon completion of some requirements
1. avendanio tan= submission of 3rd drafts of 5 and 6 (your chap 1,2,3,4 were checked already)
2. jakosalem sanchez= submission of 3rd drafts of 5&6 and posting to blog of revised rrl&biblio (still 2nd drafts but no grades)

padata sangutan chap 3

Chapter 3
1. Kalat (1996) explains that Social Learning or Social Cognition Theory is the view (revise)
2. as this theory suggests that society and people were (are) subjects to the same laws of Darwin’s natural selection
3. depending on the degree of how it suit through time. (grammar)
4. Finally, to know Junquera more deeply, the area was conceptually divided into two periods of time namely, Daytime and Night-time. (tense consistency; you have been using present tense)
5. In the daytime Junquera, Cultural Materialism was put into consideration (same as comment no. 4)
6. The said theory was applied (same as 4)
7. Lastly, the Daytime Business Zone and the Night-time Prostitution Hub, two attributes of Junquera, were broken down into subdivisions. (same as 4)
8. the researchers will try to find out the Business activities in Junquera. In understanding Junquera as the Night-time Prostitution Hub, sex trade becomes the specific subject. By conceptually breaking down the topics, the researchers found out the subtopics that must be investigated. (tense consistency)

Chapter III
STUDY FRAMEWORK
Theoretical Framework
This study focuses on the place called “Junquera” and the underlying factors and attributes that must be considered in the context. These factors include the changes in social, economic and cultural structures alongside modernization and the emergence of prostitution in Junquera. In the process of understanding Junquera as a dual-faced area, the researchers will try to understand its phenomenon basing on the established theories and principles.
These theories and principles as used in the conduct of this research are essential in the over-all understanding of the said area. Furthermore, the theories presented in this chapter provide direction for the conduct of the research while at the same time help the researchers in finding answers to the questions posed throughout the research.
The theories are presented in chronological order as they are applied to the variables of this study. They include the Theory on Sociocultural evolutionism, the theory on Cultural Materialism, the theory on Social Learning, and the Field Theory.
The first Theory related to the study is the “Sociocultural Theory” proposed by Edward Burnett Taylor and Lewis Henry Morgan who also pioneered other branching theory. Sociocultural Theory was further developed by Franz Boaz who introduced the “cultural history” approach. Later on, Leslie White and Julian Steward further revise some aspects of sociocultural evolutionism (freedictionary.com, 2010).
Sociocultural evolution theory states that “culture and society developed from simple to complex forms” (freedictionary.com, 2010). Thus, sociocultural evolution can be defined as “the process by which structural reorganization is affected through time, eventually producing a form or structure distinct from the previous one” (Claessen, as cited by Wikipedia.org, 2010). In short, this theory explains that societies change through time. It further embodies the principle that society and people are subjects to the same laws of Darwin’s natural selection. It explains that the life of human beings in a society is a struggle for existence ruled by “survival of the fittest.” Wealth is a natural sign of superiority and its absence is a sign of unfitness (freedictionary.com, 2010).
The next theory this study is based on is the Theory on Cultural Materialism. This theory was first introduced by Marvin Harris in his book The Rise of Anthropological Theory. This theory is said to be the most enduring achievement of his work because it is a useful tool in anthropological researches and in formulating theoretical basis as evident in the conduct of this study.
Cultural materialism theory is an anthropological research orientation, a theoretical paradigm and a research strategy. According to Harris (as cited by freedictionary.com, 2010), cultural materialism is based on the premise that human social life is a response to the practical problems of earthly existence. It was influenced by ideas of various writers and philosophers though distinct from other ideas. It was dubbed as an extension of the theories on cultural evolution and cultural ecology because it became instrumental in the re-emergence of the evolutionist theories of culture on the 20th century. To note, cultural materialism theory is a wide-ranging critique of Western thinking about culture.
The next theory that will be used in this research considers one important element of Junquera which is its people. It is called Social Learning or Social Cognitive Theory. This theory deals with the correlational relationships between behaviour and the environment together with man’s thinking and the social environment. Hence, the inhabitants of a particular area are the subject of this theory.
Kalat (1996) explains that Social Learning or Social Cognition Theory is the view that people learn through observation and imitation of other’s behaviours and by considering the consequences of one’s behaviour (p. 256). The theory further explains the fact that changes in behaviour are determined by the environment, the companions, and the community. Moreover, the individual’s environment might affect his/her development and personal characteristics while his/her personality, behaviour may alter the environment and his/her thoughts.
Social learning theory is related to the following theory which is the Field Theory by Kurt Lewin. These two interrelated theories deal with people in the society. While Social Learning Theory explains the effects of the environment on the behaviour of an individual, Field Theory looks on all factors which affect the behaviour of the person, including himself. Thus, the scope of Field Theory is much wider than the previous theory.
Lewin (as cited by Leyson, Maghirang, Pareja, 2004) formulates the Field Theory as he proposes that the “human behaviour is the function of both the person and the environment.” It explains that the individual’s behaviour is related to his/her personal characteristics and social situations. To further understand behaviour, the total psychological field must be viewed and studied because the theory suggests that the power of underlying factor determine the behaviour (p. 15).
Figure 1 in the next page shows how these theories are interwoven in order to fully understand the nature of Junquera. The variables used in this study are discussed in the conceptual framework.


Conceptual Framework
The conceptual framework of this study shows that history and geography of Junquera influence or shape the people, the business activities in the area, and the physical set-up in the present Junquera. As the two factors mentioned above play the role in the shaping of today’s Junquera, they contribute to the transformation of Junquera from a focal point of entertainment to the present Daytime Business Zone and a Night-time Prostitution Hub. Hence, the theory that can serve as back-up to this principle is the Sociocultural Evolutionism with its concomitant theories.
The Sociocultural evolution theory considers History of Junquera and its transformation from past to present. It deals with the issue on how Junquera has changed from a significant point of Cebuano entertainment to a dual-natured area of Daytime Business Spot and Night-time Prostitution Hub. Moreover, as this theory suggests that society and people were subjects to the same laws of Darwin’s natural selection, it can be noted that the process of change in Junquera’s timeline is influenced by Junquera’s struggle for existence ruled by “survival of the fittest.” Hence, it can be said that Junquera’s people, business activities and infrastructures are products of a long process of evolution. Within this principle, the features which constitute present Junquera are the remnants of a continuous process of change and survival such that if any of these features can no longer respond to the demands of time, it will be altered or worse, deleted. To put it simply, each feature of Junquera in the past were either eliminated or retained depending on the degree of how it suit through time. One of the features in Junquera which was eliminated is its status as a Cebuano entertainment spot similar to Hollywood in America or Bollywood in India. Junquera’s status as a Business Zone in the ancient times still remains up to this very day.
After Sociocultural Evolutionism supports and helps explain the structural reorganization in Junquera, its inhabitants’ profiles with their behaviour, lifestyle, etc. are considered in relation to their environment, that is, Junquera. At this juncture, Social Learning is used. It can be noted that factors like infrastructures and business activities influence the lifestyle of Junquera’s inhabitants because changes in either one of these factors affect the occupants in Junquera. Finally, to know Junquera more deeply, the area was conceptually divided into two periods of time namely, Daytime and Night-time.
In the daytime Junquera, Cultural Materialism was put into consideration because Junquera at day is a Business Zone. As explained earlier, it deals with the social life and human needs. The said theory was applied in the context of Junquera as a growing business zone. In addition, modernization and globalization are prevalent in the nature of the area which implies a change in the cultural structure of the society. This change in the cultural structure of Junquera paved way for the rise of materialism for alongside modernization and globalization is the change of attitude towards material wealth. Finally, night-time Junquera as a Prostitution Hub can be supported by Field Theory of Kurt Lewin especially in understanding the inhabitants at night, how the environment at night in Junquera inhibit many prostituted women to appear at night.
Figure 2 in the next page shows the relationship of various factors that define Junquera from past to present then from day to night.


Operational Framework
In the operational framework of this research, the topics are now further subdivided into the very specific subtopics. The subdivisions in the previous framework are further subdivided to create a clearer picture of the study. Factors shaping the present Junquera like its history and geography are broken down into sub-factors which must also be considered. The history of Junquera is broken down into the periods before, during, and after the colonization of Westerners in the Philippines. Geography is specified to be a strategic location for social interaction.
History of Junquera was categorized into specific eras; namely: pre-colonization, colonization period, and the modern era or post-colonization. On the other hand, geography is further subdivided into Junquera as Business crossroad and as a Strategic Location for Social gathering. These two major factors, as we all know, shape/influence the Business Activities, Inhabitants, and the Physical Set-up.
The Business Activities, People and Infrastructures which constitute present Junquera are also conceptually broken down. The People are studied through their profiles while the Business Activities and the Infrastructures are studied through the types and structures. Through this process, the researchers can systematically study Junquera.
With regards to the People in Junquera, their profile could be understood by knowing their common educational attainment and common occupation. Similarly, Business Activities and Infrastructures could also be known by categorizing their types and purposes. Lastly, the Daytime Business Zone and the Night-time Prostitution Hub, two attributes of Junquera, were broken down into subdivisions. To know specifically about Junquera as the Business Zone, the researchers will try to find out the Business activities in Junquera. In understanding Junquera as the Night-time Prostitution Hub, sex trade becomes the specific subject. By conceptually breaking down the topics, the researchers found out the subtopics that must be investigated.
Finally, Junquera’s Daytime Business Zone is further identified into shoe making and shoe repair while Junquera’s Night-time Prostitution Hub is further identified into Female Prostitution. Following this framework, the researchers will be able to know the answers to the problem.
Figure 3 in the next page shows the flow of operational framework of this research.

padata sangutan chap 4

Chapter 4
1. The researchers will be using two methods in conducting this research. First will (express all in past tense since the actions happened already)
2. The researchers will be conducting intercept interviews wherein the researchers will be approaching people around the place who will be knowledgeable enough in answering the questions prepared. (this should be in data collection
3. Research instrument should only describe the interview guides and observation guides. Describe questions in interview guides and outlines in observation guides.
4. Express all in past tense

Chapter IV

METHODOLOGY

In this chapter, the researchers will be describing the methodology that they will be employing throughout the research. This section will be brief descriptions on the project’s sampling procedures, ways on gathering data and analysis of the data.
Research Design
The researchers will be using two methods in conducting this research. First will be the descriptive method of research wherein the researchers will be using procedures such as observations, interviews and self-reports in gathering the information. The interviews and the researchers’ observations will be used as the basis in interpreting the relationship of the past and present Junquera in studying its dual looks. For a more defined data, book readings and actual observations will be compared and contrasted to examine the relationship between the two variables: present and past Junquera.
The second will be the historical design method of research in which the researchers will be digging the history of Junquera through reading books and interviews of long-time residents in the area.
Sampling Procedure
In this research, the researchers will be using an interview guide in gathering data. The researchers will be looking for people who are long-time residents of the area. They will be interviewed regarding their knowledge about the history of Junquera Street, its daytime and nighttime activities and the emergence of prostitution in the place.
Respondents and Participants
There will be five (5) respondents in this research. The respondents must be long-time residents in the area.
Research Instrument
In descriptive method of research, an interview guide answering the historical background of Junquera, common businesses found in the morning and in the evening and the existence of prostitution in the street will be used in satisfying the study’s sub-problems.
The researchers will be conducting intercept interviews wherein the researchers will be approaching people around the place who will be knowledgeable enough in answering the questions prepared.
The questions in the interview guide will be in Cebuano dialect. It will be done using an interview schedule for the researchers to be guided and for a fast pace interview. The questions will be open-ended questions starting from the history of Junquera, its daytime and nighttime business activities and the emergence of the prostitution in the place.
Data Collection
Since the researchers will be using the interview way of data gathering, the respondents will be asked in a face-to-face manner. The researchers will be recording their answers with the interview guide in a paper. Also, the researchers will be observing the whole street, its occupants and the common business during daytime as well as in the nighttime.
The interviews will be divided into two separate days. The first one will be during daytime wherein the researchers will be asking the people present in the street on that particular day. The second one will be during the night when an anticipated variety of people will be present lurking in the street.
Furthermore, the interviews will also be conducted to those people who have enough knowledge about Junquera Street, have once lived near the street and now have transferred to another place.
The data will be gathered within a span of one week with all the interviews, observations and researcher’s self-reports.
Data Analysis
Qualitative approach will be used in this research in evaluating the information that will be gathered in the interviews.
Qualitative analysis will also be employed in assessing whether the past Junquera has influenced the present Junquera. The respondents’ statements will be compared and contrasted with the facts gathered from books and articles. Also, the observations of the researchers will be useful here.

padata sangutan chap 1

Chapter 1
1. Kuya Rico knows well the people and activities in this street throughout the day. (tense consistency; you used past tense earlier)
2. how they give in to drug and alcohol abuses and to murders. (tense consistency)
3. As he dwelt in this place for so many years, he learns to view them as just “normal,” that is, just a part of his society’s everyday life. (tense consistency)
4. n the past, common business establishments that are found in Junquera (tense consistency, you mentioned “in the past”)
5. This study aims to understand Junquera through the context of its transformation. It (This) describes
6. Very good introduction and significance.


Chapter I
INTRODUCTION
Rationale of the Study
It was afternoon in General Junquera Street when Kuya Rico, a resident in Kamagayan, Cebu City, spent the rest of his day watching people pass by along the University of San Carlos – Main Campus. For 29 years, he had been a witness to the changes that are happening in this area beside the university. At daytime, he was busy working as a “dispatcher” for jeepneys along the street. At night-time, he made fun with his friends in the Karaoke bars while watching suspicious girls who were eyeing for costumers. Kuya Rico knows well the people and activities in this street throughout the day.
As he sat in his self-made bench, he recalled the events from his childhood in this street where his family’s barong-barong once stood. Those were the days when he witnessed events which were so tragic that, from a psychological perspective, should not have been seen by a young child like Rico. However, Kuya Rico saw (1) how girls were harassed on the street, (2) how boys seek sexual pleasures from prostituted women, and (3) how they give in to drug and alcohol abuses and to murders. As he dwelt in this place for so many years, he learns to view them as just “normal,” that is, just a part of his society’s everyday life. For 29 years, he has learned to live with this mysterious and chaotic street --- yes, mysterious and chaotic in the sense that for many years now, this area in Cebu City cannot be clearly understood. At daytime, usual business activities dominate the street while at night illicit sex trade becomes its trademark.
The street being referred to here is a famous Cebuano street called Gen. Junquera named after the Spanish Governor General who was responsible for the construction of “Teatro Junquera” which once stood along the street (Mojares, 1997). It bisects P. del Rosario and Sanciangko streets and is a part of Kamagayan, Cebu City. In the past, common business establishments that are found in Junquera are “pungko-pungko businesses.” These are sidewalk establishments found in street corners which sell cheaper products to the consumers, most of the time those products are food (Cabacungan, 2006). However, folks and natives remember the place as an area of massive prostitution (Seares, 2010). For so many years, the street never had any brand name other than the fact that whores once dominated the place. As time passed by and modernization impacted the city’s social core, business activities (e.g., shoe repair, buying and selling, etc.) began to flourish in the area replacing the old set-up of Junquera. Nevertheless, the notion that Junquera is a place where many prostituted women meet is not yet eliminated. In fact, underground prostitution still operates up to this very day.
The reality that Junquera has changed from past to present supports the idea of Sociocultural evolutionism that societies evolved as a result of influences from various factors. The introduction of new ways to the old social set-up in Junquera is a testimony that any society responds to the growing demands of time. In addition, the changes in Junquera are not only a matter of past-to-present relationship but also of day-to-night transformation. These changes in Junquera motivated the researchers to curiously investigate the two phenomena of change in Junquera, those are the transformations from past to present and from day to night.
This study aims to understand Junquera through the context of its transformation. It describes Junquera during the day and during the night. It will try to answer why Junquera is considered a daytime business zone and a night-time prostitution hub. Through the researchers’ observations and interviews from five knowledgeable people in Junquera who dwell in Junquera for over ten years, the researchers present their findings about Junquera’s past, present, daytime and night-time facets. Although the present Junquera is a lot different from its past and its daytime is as distinct as its night-time, the researchers try to gather information that would somehow answer the common issues Junquera is facing as a place of still undiscovered facts.
In spite of the widespread transformations happening in Junquera, it is surprising to note that prostitution is still Junquera’s trademark when night breaks, while some of the respondents say that there are incidences of prostitution even during the day. For this reason, this study will inevitably consider prostitution in the hope of knowing Junquera in a greater aspect.




Statement of the Problem
This research study aimed to find out the dual looks of Junquera: Business zone at daytime and Prostitution hub at night-time by assessing whether the past has influenced or not the present state of Junquera. Specifically, the study intended to answer the sub-questions through these following objectives:
• To examine the historical background of Junquera in terms of the following: economic activities, physical set-up and profile of the occupants.
• To assess whether the past Junquera has influenced the present-day Junquera in terms of the following: economic activities and profile of the occupants.
• To compare the present Junquera from past Junquera in terms of the following: economic activities, physical set-up and profile of the occupants.
• To see how the business spot of Junquera at daytime is transformed into a prostitution den at night-time.
• To find out how prostitution emerged in Junquera.





Significance of the Study
This research, being descriptive, would help interested people from different parts of the world particularly the Filipinos in better understanding Junquera Street, Cebu City. Throughout the study, the researchers would be analysing Junquera’s past economic activities, physical set-up and the profile of the occupants that would allow the people to have a glimpse of its past so that they could relate it to its present situation.
The study would somehow clear some issues and speculations about the street, being so-called the Prostitution capital of Cebu so that the residents of Junquera might be able to develop and change the image of their place. In turn, the people with these negative speculations about Junquera would be aware and corrected by the present reality in Junquera even though many people in the past already undermined Junquera’s image.
Moreover, the government of Cebu City would be aided in finding solutions to these long-time problems in the street. The officials in the government might do some preliminary actions with the end of restoring back the beauty of Junquera as an exceptional district in Barangay Kamagayan.
For the residents, this research might help them in solving the problems on prostitution, drug and alcohol abuses, and other vices we can name of. The occupants might be assisted in their efforts of renewing Junquera and in developing its shoe industry. To the women in Junquera, this research is conducted so as to protect these women from engaging into prostitution predominant already in Junquera and, in cases of already prostituted women; they might be freed from the evil of prostitution through the actions of concerned individuals.
Above all, this study will try to find solutions for the improvement of Junquera as a Cebuano street. The researchers still expect that through this study, negative conceptions and old notions by the folks and natives will be changed after the findings will bring to reality the present condition of Junquera; that the vices and crimes in the place will at least be reduced to the smallest measure possible; that the government of Cebu City will do some actions in developing Junquera in its physical set-up, people, and economy; and that Junquera will become a place of decent entertainment once more.

acosta ebas chap 2

Chapter 2
1. the teenagers at present seems (agreement)
2. Most of the music (music cannot be quantified so you cannot say ‘most’. Maybe music genres? Or songs?)
3. Most of the music nowadays are already been mixed up. (grammar)
4. Some music are
5. Some music are from other countries that become popular and known to other neighboring countries and is (agreement)
6. According to Greeks (20th century) (faulty citation; why century?)
7. Mayol (1990) stated that “music has existed from time immemorial: archaeologists have unearthed traces of music in the most ancient society, ethnomusicologists have found it in even the most primitive tribal culture and scientists have claimed it present in space. (where does the opening quote end?)
8. Ordinary people became uninterested with (in) its
9. But as time pass by (grammar)
10. European countries. (Yudkin,1996). (only one period, should be after the parenthesis)
11. Korean pop music is the well kind of music in the country (awkward)
12. The term Korean pop music does not only pertains (grammar)
13. 1990’s until present (Villano,2010) (missing)
14. One of them is the female group 2nel having a member (faulty)
15. Todays’ known female group, the Girls Generation who were trained in various aspects of the performing arts, has its own TV Series and they endorse products in Korea. (problem in agreement)
16. Asia especially Filipino youths
17. youth around Asia especially Filipino youths have been affected by the outstanding effect not just to the K-pop music but also to other music from other countries (Kim,1985). (faulty)
18. A study by Fritzie Joy J. Dungog (1997) distinguishes the influence of Pinoy alternative music to the attitude of students towards local government officials. Dungog used (tense consistency)
19. Dino Arnaldo A. Karganilla (1994) determines the effect of exposure to foreign music in FM stations on the perception of high school students towards Filipino music. The study covered (tense consistency)
20. A supplementary research study by Jessica Servande Losorata (2008) verifies whether Cebu local rock music airplay on Monster Radio BT 105.9 has either a positive or a negative impact on selected rock bands that have played for Harakiri Mosh Production. “A Focused Group Discussion (FGD) with selected rock bands that have played for Harakiri Mosh Production was the main method in gathering the data. (tense consistency)
21. . The results of the study was been (grammar)
22. A related study was conducted by Minni K. Ang and Miranda P. Yeoh (year) (year?
23. concerning the music preferences of Malaysian students and KBSM Curriculum implications (explain). (huh?)
24. as one move toward Philippine urban culture” Malm (1977) (review proper citation)\
25. music that Filipino youth is experiencing with interest, specifically its (who are youou referring by ‘its’?)
26. the popularity of the native music will declined (grammar)
27. The above mentioned cases and studies have shown that there is an effect or impact regarding the preference of Pinoy teenagers toward music. (incomplete thought; impact of what on what?)
28. And the above researches would aid the current researchers to accomplish their study about the Pinoy Youth’s Preference for Korean Pop Music and how does it affect their taste for Original Pilipino Music (OPM). This would serve as guiding principles in this latest study. (rephrase; avoid repetition of ideas/words)

biblio: follow proper format/check comment box for details
Chapter II
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE


The new generation today has been exposed already to the different kinds and genres of music. From time to time music has been improved and made more entertaining than before. This has evolved from the native type of music to the modern kind of music in which most of the teenagers at present seems to like and appreciate. Most of the music nowadays are already been mixed up. Some music are from other countries that become popular and known to other neighboring countries and is still getting much popularity worldwide.
Butler (2006) defines music as “an art of arranging across time”. Music is part of almost every culture on Earth but it varies widely among cultures in means and structure. Music is a language of human figure of communication with well developed rules of structure much like a form of sentence structure. An individual through music would be making interpretations based upon speech patterns like loud or soft rapid and bitten off, slow or smooth.
According to Greeks (20th century), the beginning of music can be solved by thought where ancient people make up chants of religion, war, love and death through direct organization of words with the combination of body movements. Greek philosophers assumed that listening to music based on certain modes in use at that time was beneficial to the enhancement of the young person’s character. With music, an individual can develop one’s potential and positive outlooks in life (Butler (2006).
Music is “a mode of thought, a way of thinking in tones”. In addition, the musical mode of thought is a complex means of “expressing a thought for the suggestion of ideas of beauty and emotions” (Ferguson, 1959). With the help of rhythm, the message in music is delivered conveniently for rhythm contains everything that pertains to the forward movement of music in time. Rhythm is the pattern of beats in a piece of music.
Mayol (1990) stated that “music has existed from time immemorial: archaeologists have unearthed traces of music in the most ancient society, ethnomusicologists have found it in even the most primitive tribal culture and scientists have claimed it present in space. Yet, no one has been able to established precisely when, where, why or how music originated.
Mayol (1990) also claimed that there are recent theories proposing that in all cultures, music originated in a similar manner which was from a universal source (monogenesis) (p.3). Ordinary people became uninterested with its beginning that for them it is a nonsense and worthless. But as time pass by, its implication and origin have brought sensation to their lives. And so, this made them vary their preferences towards the different kinds of music leading to other individuals conducting research and other related studies regarding with these behavior and choices.
At present, there are already many types of music known to be famous. One of which is the popular music. Popular music pertains to a kind of music that is produced for a broader audience. This includes jazz, rock, rap music and many more. Popular music has three of the most important elements and these are language, beat and tune. This popular music originated in America in the year 1850-1950 (Yudkin,1996).
In addition, popular music is typically vocal where everybody can sing more or less, and it has no formal training because it is intended to appeal to the widest possible audience. Until now, this particular music is still being acknowledged and appreciated worldwide including Philippines as well as other European countries. (Yudkin,1996).
Regarding this popular music, Korean Pop or known as K-Pop is one of today’s hits and famous music worldwide. Korean pop music is the well kind of music in the country of South Korea today. K-pop music is just similar to western music. The only difference is their lyrics which are in the form of Korean. Hallyu is the word that means Korean wave. Part of the Korean wave is their overwhelming success not just in music but as well as in South Korean dramas and movies. The term Korean pop music does not only pertains to music but with accompaniment of movement that makes South Korea popular in Asia and neighboring countries from 1990’s until present (Villano,2010).
According to Hicap (2010), the making of Korean pop music also involves attractive young stars and their unique moves in dancing accompanied with how they dress up. One of the newest and most famous is Rain, the male singer who became artist after his shooting in the Korean Drama Full House with the actress Song Hye Kyo. BoA is one of Korea’s top female singers who has topped the charts in Korea, then Japan and released an album in US. BoA worked in partnership with western artists and was cited as an influential artist in the 2004 MTV Asia awards.
Others are bands and groups which are today’s most known. One of them is the female group 2nel having a member who became famous in the Philippines before she reached her fame in Korea. Her name is Sandara Park. The next known group is the Wonder Girls, also a female group who was famous for their popular hit “Nobody” which was loved by many Filipinos. Other group includes SS501, a male group that become famous after the inclusion of some of their songs in the soundtrack of the popular Boys Over Flowers and having their member Kim Hyun Jung. Todays’ known female group, the Girls Generation who were trained in various aspects of the performing arts, has its own TV Series and they endorse products in Korea. There are still many known groups and artists that contributed to the success of the Korean Pop Music such as the Super Junior and Shinee group. These bands and groups made Korean Pop music be known (Hicap, 2010).
Younger Korean musicians have already gained reputation, much popularity and appreciation as top performers in both concert and entertainment fields. In relation to this, youth around Asia especially Filipino youths have been affected by the outstanding effect not just to the K-pop music but also to other music from other countries (Kim,1985).
A study by Fritzie Joy J. Dungog (1997) distinguishes the influence of Pinoy alternative music to the attitude of students towards local government officials. Dungog used a three part questionnaire that asked questions pertaining to personal data, exposure questions and an attitudinal test. The questionnaire was distributed to 284 respondents.
Based on the questionnaires she gave to the 284 respondents, the researcher found out that the respondents showed a high level of exposure to Pinoy Alternative Music and that the majority of respondents exhibited a positive approach towards their city government officials. The study also revealed that “there were no significant relationship between the attitudes of respondents toward their city local government officials and the frequency exposure to Pinoy Alternative Music”(Dungog, (1997)).
Dino Arnaldo A. Karganilla (1994) determines the effect of exposure to foreign music in FM stations on the perception of high school students towards Filipino music. The study covered a sample size of 111 fourth year U.P. College High School attendees through a two-page questionnaire which were given to those 111 respondents. The instrument that Karganilla used in his study was a two paged questionnaire composed of three sections with an additional information part.
The researcher discovered that the respondents had a low level of exposure to foreign music and that the respondents had a favorable insight towards Original Pilipino Muisc (OPM). There was no connection between the respondents’ sexual category and rank of exposure that could influence their view towards Original Pinoy Music (OPM) and in turn, the exposure to foreign local FM stations did not bear a negative impact of the respondents toward Original Pilipino Music (OPM).
A supplementary research study by Jessica Servande Losorata (2008) verifies whether Cebu local rock music airplay on Monster Radio BT 105.9 has either a positive or a negative impact on selected rock bands that have played for Harakiri Mosh Production. “A Focused Group Discussion (FGD) with selected rock bands that have played for Harakiri Mosh Production was the main method in gathering the data. A separate Focused Group Discussion (FGD) with Monster Radio BT 105.9 listeners and online interviews with the station’s manager and a representative of Harakiri Mosh Production were also conducted to gather additional information” (Losorata, (2008)).
The researcher found out that the respondents were not devoted clients of radio. They had a low level of exposure to radio but their consciousness of its Cebu local rock music airplay was positive. The results of the study was been supported after the researcher interviewed Paolo Valera, known as Paolo Walker, the station manager of Monster Radio BT 105.9 together with Shanette G. Mancao, one of the founder of Harakiri Mosh Production. For the respondents, the interviews and interactions were done through internet because of the interviewees schedule and activities.
Another study by R.S. Holganza (1987) was all about the relationship between the exposure to foreign music in FM stations and the attitude of fourth year high school University of San Jose-Recoletos (USJ-R) students towards Original Pilipino Music (OPM). This particular research was conducted to determine if there is a connection between the exposure to foreign music in local FM stations and the attitude of fourth year USJ-R students toward OPM. The research was conducted inside the University of San Jose-Recoletos (USJ-R) High School campus using 100 fourth year male and female respondents from the different economic levels. The respondents exposure to foreign music was determined by the number of hours spent listening to FM stations while the respondents attitude was measured by four OPM-related statements. The respondents in this specific study belonged to the same age level which was 16 to 17 with same educational attainment (fourth year high school).
The researcher found out that the respondents were exposed to local FM stations whose programming was more on foreign music but the playing of foreign songs in FM stations seems not to decrease or slow down the popularity of the Original Pilipino Music (OPM). The amount of exposure to FM stations influenced the respondents’ liking of Filipino songs and the respondents over-all choice of song as verified by the results of the chi-square test was the Original Pilipino Music (OPM).
A related study was conducted by Minni K. Ang and Miranda P. Yeoh (year) concerning the music preferences of Malaysian students and KBSM Curriculum implications (explain). Ang and Yeoh organized this by preparing ten selection of ethnic-based Malaysian music and twenty selection of non ethnic related music consisting of ten popular music selections and ten western art music selections were used. Ratings of preferences, familiarity and musical training were gathered from 139 randomly selected teenage students of two public schools in Serdang, Malaysia.
The researchers discovered that the respondents preferred non-ethnic related music especially popular music. In addition, the interpreted results proved that the main factor affecting their preference for both ethnic-based Malaysian music and non ethnic-related music was their familiarity of the music (M.K. &Yeoh, 2002).
These past studies serve as a basic foundation to this recent research which determines if factors like rhythm and music composition of Korean Popular Music really affect the Pinoy teenagers’ preference towards Original Pilipino Music and if this would affect their sense of nationalism.
According to Malm (1977), there are explanations about the behavior observed with regards to the preference of Filipino youth. Malm said that early in the history back to the time where Philippines was colonized, the Filipino music traditions were mixed with Spanish-type of music which was distributed into the country. “The Spanish influence becomes even stronger as one move toward Philippine urban culture” Malm (1977).
Malm (1977) claimed that Filipino possesses an attitude which comes from the experience of colonization, wherein it has adapted many music cultures from different neighboring countries in the history. Through this fact, it can now be related to the issue of choice of music that Filipino youth is experiencing with interest, specifically its fascination towards Korean pop music. Additionally, they ought to love the unfamiliar type of music with amazement and astonishment to that kind of music. Regarding this concept, the popularity of the native music will declined slowly until it will no longer be known.
According to Mayol (1990), the shifting of the Youth’s musical preference is due to the music’s influential power that serves as a “shaping force in determining the nature of the moral character of the populace. The power of music affecting a person was derived from its structure.
The above mentioned cases and studies have shown that there is an effect or impact regarding the preference of Pinoy teenagers toward music. And the above researches would aid the current researchers to accomplish their study about the Pinoy Youth’s Preference for Korean Pop Music and how does it affect their taste for Original Pilipino Music (OPM). This would serve as guiding principles in this latest study.

acosta ebas chap 1

Chapter 1
1. One of her favor kind of music is Korean Pop Music. (check grammar)
2. The overwhelming success (of what? Of who?) not just in music but as well as in South Korean dramas and movies was part of the Korean wave known as Hallyu.
3. until present (something is missing)
4. most people especially teenagers seems (agreement)
5. . Most of this music are already been combined forming a different kind of music which will be new to the society. (faulty)
6. Some music is from other nation that become well-liked and recognized to other neighboring countries and is still getting much fame global. (Yudkin,1996). (faulty)
7. Music today dominates worldwide with different genres making it widely known. (idea and construction problematic)
8. It seems that music from countryside dominates in the minds of Filipino youth now, so how about the music originated in the Philippines?(improve expression.use better words)
9. t seems that music from countryside dominates (what do you mean? Kpop is from countryside?)
10. most appreciated music of Pinoy youths (no youths) than OPM. (faulty; than should be accompanied by “more” not “most”)
11. This particular study aims to answer the following problems as mentioned below: (state the main problem)
12. being known to Pinoy youths today.
13. This study will benefit Filipino artists to assess whether their composed OPM is still well liked with regards to music preference of most Filipino youth’s today. (awkward)
14. also guide youths
15. Filipino youths
16. This would partly notify the government about the countries standing (faulty expression; use possessive form) with respect to music.

INTRODUCTION


Rationale
A student from the University of the Philippines Cebu College really likes to hear music. One of her favor kind of music is Korean Pop Music. Besides hearing K-pop music, she also watches Korean movies. She is a fanatic of Korean music and dramas.
Regarding this popular music, Korean Pop or known as K-Pop is one of the known and still famous throughout the world especially in South Korea where it originates. Korean music is quite similar to western music in other aspects but not the lyrics which are in the form of Korean. The overwhelming success not just in music but as well as in South Korean dramas and movies was part of the Korean wave known as Hallyu. This makes South Korea popular in Asia and neighboring countries from 1990’s until present (Villano,2010).
Music is everywhere. Most people listen to music. It is an art form accompanied with musical instruments. Music varies according to culture and social context. Many people in other cultures thought of music as an important part of their life (Butler (2006).
People at present have been exposed already to the various types and variety of music. From time to time music has been enhanced and made more enjoyable than before. This has been developed from the indigenous kinds of music to the recent kind of music in which most people especially teenagers seems to like and appreciate today. Most of this music are already been combined forming a different kind of music which will be new to the society. Some music is from other nation that become well-liked and recognized to other neighboring countries and is still getting much fame global. (Yudkin,1996).
Music today dominates worldwide with different genres making it widely known. There are rock, rap, jazz and many more. These types of music belong to pop music. Pop music is a kind of music which is suited for mass audience. This particular music entertains various groups of listeners.
One of the pop music known at present is the Korean Pop Music. At the moment, most of the music being played and identified to be is the K-pop music. It seems that music from countryside dominates in the minds of Filipino youth now, so how about the music originated in the Philippines?
This study aims to conduct a survey regarding the Pinoy Youth’s Preference for Korean Pop Music and how does it affect their taste for Original Pilipino Music (OPM). This research would know whether K-pop music becomes the most appreciated music of Pinoy youths than OPM.

Statement of the Problem
This particular study aims to answer the following problems as mentioned below:
1. To know how the Korean Pop Music started in the Philippines
2. To distinguish how Korean Pop Music differs from Original Pilipino Music in terms of composition
3. To identify how rhythm in Korean Pop Music vary from that of Original Pilipino Music (OPM)
4. To verify how the Korean Pop artists differ from Korean Pop Music than Original Pop Music with regards to their performance
5. To determine how has the preference of Pinoy Youth for Korean Music affect their sense of nationalism

Significance of the Study
This research study is done to evaluate the preference of Pinoy youth towards music, the K-pop music and OPM. This is done to determine if Korean pop music surpass OPM from being known to Pinoy youths today.
This study will benefit Filipino artists to assess whether their composed OPM is still well liked with regards to music preference of most Filipino youth’s today. Regarding this, Filipino artist can then visualize what to plan so that the music originated from the country Philippines would retain as their most appreciated and admired music.
In addition, this study also guide youths especially Filipino youths to evaluate their sense of appreciation regarding music preference which will be reflected to their personality and sense of nationalism.
Furthermore, this research study would serve as a verification of the Philippines status in terms of music and entertainment. This would partly notify the government about the countries standing with respect to music.

acosta ebas chap 4

Chapter 4
1. Regarding this, the researchers would like to know whether factors like rhythm and music composition of Korean Popular Music really affect the Pinoy teenagers’ preference towards Original Pilipino Music In addition, the researchers want to distinguish the respondents (female residents of the University of the Philippines Cebu College Dormitory and other chosen students in UPVCC) view toward Korean Pop music as well as their outlook in the Original Pilipino Music (OPM). (run on; faulty)
2. The major concern of choosing respondents would be the residents staying in the UP dormitory which consists of 9 rooms with 53 student residents but the researchers respondents are on to chosen female dormers only (faulty)
3. On the other hand, there will also be some respondents who do not stay in the dormitory but still female students in the University of the Philippines Cebu College. (express in past tense)
4. The researchers list down (tense consistency)
5. and how it affects their taste to (for) Original Pilipino Music (OPM).
6. There were 4 (spell out number below 10) factors that the researchers consider.
7. consisting of 3 questions
8. The researchers prepared an introductory part for survey consisting of 3 questions involving whether the respondents’ are into K-pop music or OPM Music. One of the questions determines what music does the respondent like from the two choices, the Korean Pop Music or the Original Pilipino Music. The second question was just related to a supporting answer to question number one in which the choices pertains to the time that the respondents often listens to her preferred music.
Below the introductory question were 2 tables, one for K-pop music and the other one is for OPM music. The two tables were divided into 5 columns. These columns would serve as the respondents’ ratings from 1 to 5 and 5 as the most appreciated towards K-pop and OPM Music. Each factor consists of 3 phrases related to the factor revealed. As mentioned earlier, one factor that affects the respondents’ preference toward music is the performers. The second factor involves the pattern of beats that the music contains. The third one relates to the lyrics of the music and how the message is being delivered to the listeners or audience.
The researchers provided a survey questionnaire with a letter of permission to the chosen respondents. If the respondents approved the letter, they would answer the questionnaire automatically. If not, the researchers would pick another respondent and will answer directly to the survey questionnaire after approval. The respondents would just directly answer the questions with no time limit.for a more reliable survey, we added a short interview, 2 out of 15 respondents were chosen to asked and interviewed. After the respondents have completed answering the questions, the questionnaire will be collected.(reduce description; focus only on each part of the questionnaire what it asks from the respondents.delete description of scale, type of question etc.)
9. was been interpreted.

CHAPTER III
THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

Several theories have been gathered and analyzed in this research study to help determine the factors causing an individual to affect his/her attitude due to the type of music he/she prefers.
A theory of Rudolf Radocy and David Boyle (2003) contends that musical preference is “more than an interaction of inherent musical characteristics and individual psychological and social variables” (p. 371). They cite the work of Abeles (1980) who, after a thorough review of the pertinent literature, concluded that personality factors and emotional states were related to preference, but not in a clear cut aspect. Moreover, Radocy and Boyle (2003) stress out that music preference might be influenced by the factors of environment such as institutions, experiences, group gatherings, self-concept, mass media and among other things.
Another theorist, Warren Prince (1972) developed a paradigm for music listening with a major premise that “a listener is capable of more than one response pattern and more than one type of listening experience” (p. 446). His paradigm is proposed as an initial effort to build “a framework based on crucial decisions on what variables and what relationships between variables are to be investigated” (p. 446). In addition, his paradigm gives a graphic representation of the variables in the listening process.
Prince’s paradigm has three categories; the listener variables, response patterns and a group of learning process variables. The variables in these three categories are interrelated indicating causal relationships. Below is the diagram interpreting his paradigm.
Figure 1.5


Figure 1.5 shows the flow of Prince’s Music Listening Paradigm with the (1) listener variables that are located at the top which are directed through the listener’s general state of attention, (2) response patterns at the center and the learning process variables are located at the bottom, and mostly has the function of feedback into the responses.
Moreover, the reason why the listener variable is located on the top is that, it determines its behavior according to the influence that the environment is causing it. From here, these listeners can be able to provide their own response patterns (e.g. music materials) from what they get from the environment’s influence. This then makes the learning process variables take place giving the outcome and effect from what the listeners prefer.
Another music listening preference theory was developed by Albert LeBlanc (1982). LeBlanc’s theory conceptualizes musical judgment as a hierarchical process. LeBlanc’s music listening preference theory covers a whole system of input information. He explains that a person’s decision on music listening preference must follow “unavoidable time sequence.” He asserts that music is differently processed at different levels, which one involves personality characteristics.
When Prince built his music listening theory, he considered his theory as an initial paradigm. He mentioned that “an initial paradigm represents theoretical considerations not yet confirmed even though they may be supported strongly by research evidence. “A later paradigm or theoretical schema may emerge as a result of many studies based on the initial paradigm.” (p. 446) LeBlanc (1991) stated that his model has a different focus (music listening preference) from that of Prince (music listening). However, LeBlanc’s music listening preference theory can be classified as a later paradigm of a more specifically developed theoretical model for music listening paradigm.
The theory developed by Robert Walker (1980) similarly characterizes musical preference as only indirectly related to personality and/or attitude factors. Walker asserts that liking is directly influence by musical complexity. He point out the idea that preference is modeled by a “bell-curve” which means that there is an “optimal level of complexity that is most enjoyable. Both very low complexity and very high complexity are less enjoyable” (p. 105). “Individuals have particular optimal complexity levels, with deviations in either direction decreasing liking. Simplistic music might produce boredom while overly complex music requires extensive processing that can decrease the likelihood that an individual will continue attending to the music.” (Perkins, p. 5)
Walker’s idea stresses out the fact and/or assertion that an individual, when introduced to a new kind of music will probably like and abandon the previous preference or he/she would have the same level of likeness to the both; previous and new kind of music. This, then leads to the point where the individual’s personality and/or attitude is greatly affected and influenced by the preference he/she chooses resulting to the creation of different views of the individual.



Conceptual Framework:
Base on the ideas of the theories that were combined, the researcher came up with the above conceptualized framework. The music environment variables which include the institutions, experiences, group gatherings, self-concept and mass media are located at the top of the framework, followed by the second variable—students that become affected by the music environment.
From this, the second variable could experience the exposure of the third variable which is considered to be the various types of music materials and response patterns. Then, they can assess their response patterns by weighing the dominance of the dominant music which becomes the fourth variable in the framework. Upon weighing the dominance, the students will learn to choose and prefer the more dominant kind of music which then, formulates their views on it and the effect comes after.
The variables in this framework are considered the specified factors following the points and ideas from the theories mentioned. In addition, the framework’s flow is also based on the things that the theories pointed out.



Operational Framework:
The variables featured in the above operational framework are the most specified factors that become a background flow of the research study.
Home, UP Grounds, television, pals—variables found at the top of the framework are part of music environment which functions as the ones mainly influencing the second variable—the selected UP Female Students. This student variable now becomes the dependent variable in a way that its reactions depend on a certain situation due to the process that takes place in the music environment.
In reacting to the environment variable, students tend to enumerate in their minds the response patterns—KPOP’s beat, rhythm, composition, styles and performers—that they get from the influence of the music environment.
Having the response patterns settled, students will have a selection of one type of music leaving the other type. Appearing in the framework, the dominance of KPOP music on the preference of Pinoy Youth becomes the outcome gained from the response patterns.
The dominance of KPOP music can possibly be assessed that Pinoy Youth will end up selecting and/or preferring KPOP music over OPM (original Pilipino music), which is another variable based on the framework.
The effect of selecting Kpop over OPM by the Pinoy Youth will probably lead to the effect on their personality and/or attitude questioning now their sense of nationalism.
In accordance with these analyses, the specific flow of ideas showed in the framework is only based on the points pondered by several theories provided in the previous pages having the views of the theorists, respectively.
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CHAPTER IV
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY


This particular research study aims to determine the Pinoy Youth’s Preference for Korean Pop Music and how does it affect their taste for Original Pilipino Music (OPM). Regarding this, the researchers would like to know whether factors like rhythm and music composition of Korean Popular Music really affect the Pinoy teenagers’ preference towards Original Pilipino Music In addition, the researchers want to distinguish the respondents (female residents of the University of the Philippines Cebu College Dormitory and other chosen students in UPVCC) view toward Korean Pop music as well as their outlook in the Original Pilipino Music (OPM). Moreover, this study would identify if the students’ music preference would affect their sense of nationalism. In doing this, the researchers gathered information which will help in achieving the goal of the researchers. This would serve as support to the current research study.

RESEARCH ENVIRONMENT
This study was conducted at the University of the Philippines Cebu College (UPVCC). The location was the University of the Philippines Campus in Gorordo Avenue Lahug Cebu City. The place is accessible to the researchers for they would not spend much time travelling. The researchers chose the locale since one of the researchers is currently residing in the dormitory and because it is more accessible in terms of distributing the survey questionnaires.

RESEARCH PARTICIPANTS
The major concern of choosing respondents would be the residents staying in the UP dormitory which consists of 9 rooms with 53 student residents but the researchers respondents are on to chosen female dormers only. On the other hand, there will also be some respondents who do not stay in the dormitory but still female students in the University of the Philippines Cebu College.

RESEARCH INSTRUMENT
Simple random sampling was done for the sample selection. This sampling method is conducted where each member of a population has an equal opportunity to become part of the sample. As all members of the population have an equal chance of becoming a research participant, this is said to be the most efficient sampling procedure.The researchers list down all the names of the female respondents. After that, the researchers used the fishbowl technique and randomly pick 15 out of these 32 respondents including the chosen respondents not staying in the dormitory. The researchers decided to use this fishbowl technique since all the respondents are females and would only choose by means of “draw by lots”. This method involves the selection of the sample at random from the sampling frame through the use of random number tables (Saunders, Lewis & Thornhill, 2003). Numbers were assigned for each respondent in the master list. These numbers were written on pieces of paper and drawn from a box; the process was repeated until the sample size was reached.
This research study used a survey questionnaire as a research tool. The survey was arranged basing on the factors that affect the respondents’ preference toward Korean Pop Music and how it affects their taste to Original Pilipino Music (OPM). There were 4 factors that the researchers consider. These were the respondents’ outlook towards the performers of the Korean Pop Music and Original Pilipino Music, the rhythm of music that K-pop and OPM music brings, as well as music’s composition and the message being delivered by both K-pop and OPM music. Every factor was stated in a form of table.
The researchers prepared an introductory part for survey consisting of 3 questions involving whether the respondents’ are into K-pop music or OPM Music. One of the questions determines what music does the respondent like from the two choices, the Korean Pop Music or the Original Pilipino Music. The second question was just related to a supporting answer to question number one in which the choices pertains to the time that the respondents often listens to her preferred music.
Below the introductory question were 2 tables, one for K-pop music and the other one is for OPM music. The two tables were divided into 5 columns. These columns would serve as the respondents’ ratings from 1 to 5 and 5 as the most appreciated towards K-pop and OPM Music. Each factor consists of 3 phrases related to the factor revealed. As mentioned earlier, one factor that affects the respondents’ preference toward music is the performers. The second factor involves the pattern of beats that the music contains. The third one relates to the lyrics of the music and how the message is being delivered to the listeners or audience.
The researchers provided a survey questionnaire with a letter of permission to the chosen respondents. If the respondents approved the letter, they would answer the questionnaire automatically. If not, the researchers would pick another respondent and will answer directly to the survey questionnaire after approval. The respondents would just directly answer the questions with no time limit.for a more reliable survey, we added a short interview, 2 out of 15 respondents were chosen to asked and interviewed. After the respondents have completed answering the questions, the questionnaire will be collected.

DATA ANALYSIS
The researchers then tallied the results obtained. The results were then tabulated. After that, thorough analysis was done and the results was been interpreted. This was done by calculating the results using the statistical means, getting the weighted average mean of the tabulated results being obtained. The researchers decided to use this for it will directly answer those problems that the researchers wanted to know. In this study, the relationship between Pinoy Youths’ Preference towards K-pop Music and OPM Music was being described. This type of test actually involved statistics.

In so doing, the researchers would be helped in determining Pinoy Youth’s Preference for Korean Pop Music and how does it affect their taste for Original Pilipino Music (OPM)

acosta ebas chap 3

Chapter 3 comments
1. Another theorist, Warren Prince (1972) developed (tense consistency; you used present tense earlier)
2. When Prince built his music listening theory, he considered his theory as an initial paradigm. He mentioned that “an initial paradigm represents theoretical considerations not yet confirmed even though they may be supported strongly by research evidence. (tense consistency; same as no. 1 comment)
3. “A later paradigm or theoretical schema may emerge as a result of many studies based on the initial paradigm.” (p. 446) LeBlanc (1991) stated that his model has a different focus (music listening preference) from that of Prince (music listening). (review proper citation)
4. He point out
5. resulting to (in) the creation
6. no introduction and/or pointing of theoretical figure
7. no figure no. given to the frameworks
8. theories in the theoretical were not appropriated in the conceptual. What theories that explain the variables you mentioned in the conceptual?
9. Very good theoretical and operational.conceptual is weak because of not integrating the theories.
10. Refer to Castillo/alda’s (mth 1-2:30) chapter 3 for sample.i also posted in on my blog

CHAPTER III
THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

Several theories have been gathered and analyzed in this research study to help determine the factors causing an individual to affect his/her attitude due to the type of music he/she prefers.
A theory of Rudolf Radocy and David Boyle (2003) contends that musical preference is “more than an interaction of inherent musical characteristics and individual psychological and social variables” (p. 371). They cite the work of Abeles (1980) who, after a thorough review of the pertinent literature, concluded that personality factors and emotional states were related to preference, but not in a clear cut aspect. Moreover, Radocy and Boyle (2003) stress out that music preference might be influenced by the factors of environment such as institutions, experiences, group gatherings, self-concept, mass media and among other things.
Another theorist, Warren Prince (1972) developed a paradigm for music listening with a major premise that “a listener is capable of more than one response pattern and more than one type of listening experience” (p. 446). His paradigm is proposed as an initial effort to build “a framework based on crucial decisions on what variables and what relationships between variables are to be investigated” (p. 446). In addition, his paradigm gives a graphic representation of the variables in the listening process.
Prince’s paradigm has three categories; the listener variables, response patterns and a group of learning process variables. The variables in these three categories are interrelated indicating causal relationships. Below is the diagram interpreting his paradigm.
Figure 1.5


Figure 1.5 shows the flow of Prince’s Music Listening Paradigm with the (1) listener variables that are located at the top which are directed through the listener’s general state of attention, (2) response patterns at the center and the learning process variables are located at the bottom, and mostly has the function of feedback into the responses.
Moreover, the reason why the listener variable is located on the top is that, it determines its behavior according to the influence that the environment is causing it. From here, these listeners can be able to provide their own response patterns (e.g. music materials) from what they get from the environment’s influence. This then makes the learning process variables take place giving the outcome and effect from what the listeners prefer.
Another music listening preference theory was developed by Albert LeBlanc (1982). LeBlanc’s theory conceptualizes musical judgment as a hierarchical process. LeBlanc’s music listening preference theory covers a whole system of input information. He explains that a person’s decision on music listening preference must follow “unavoidable time sequence.” He asserts that music is differently processed at different levels, which one involves personality characteristics.
When Prince built his music listening theory, he considered his theory as an initial paradigm. He mentioned that “an initial paradigm represents theoretical considerations not yet confirmed even though they may be supported strongly by research evidence. “A later paradigm or theoretical schema may emerge as a result of many studies based on the initial paradigm.” (p. 446) LeBlanc (1991) stated that his model has a different focus (music listening preference) from that of Prince (music listening). However, LeBlanc’s music listening preference theory can be classified as a later paradigm of a more specifically developed theoretical model for music listening paradigm.
The theory developed by Robert Walker (1980) similarly characterizes musical preference as only indirectly related to personality and/or attitude factors. Walker asserts that liking is directly influence by musical complexity. He point out the idea that preference is modeled by a “bell-curve” which means that there is an “optimal level of complexity that is most enjoyable. Both very low complexity and very high complexity are less enjoyable” (p. 105). “Individuals have particular optimal complexity levels, with deviations in either direction decreasing liking. Simplistic music might produce boredom while overly complex music requires extensive processing that can decrease the likelihood that an individual will continue attending to the music.” (Perkins, p. 5)
Walker’s idea stresses out the fact and/or assertion that an individual, when introduced to a new kind of music will probably like and abandon the previous preference or he/she would have the same level of likeness to the both; previous and new kind of music. This, then leads to the point where the individual’s personality and/or attitude is greatly affected and influenced by the preference he/she chooses resulting to the creation of different views of the individual.



Conceptual Framework:
Base on the ideas of the theories that were combined, the researcher came up with the above conceptualized framework. The music environment variables which include the institutions, experiences, group gatherings, self-concept and mass media are located at the top of the framework, followed by the second variable—students that become affected by the music environment.
From this, the second variable could experience the exposure of the third variable which is considered to be the various types of music materials and response patterns. Then, they can assess their response patterns by weighing the dominance of the dominant music which becomes the fourth variable in the framework. Upon weighing the dominance, the students will learn to choose and prefer the more dominant kind of music which then, formulates their views on it and the effect comes after.
The variables in this framework are considered the specified factors following the points and ideas from the theories mentioned. In addition, the framework’s flow is also based on the things that the theories pointed out.



Operational Framework:
The variables featured in the above operational framework are the most specified factors that become a background flow of the research study.
Home, UP Grounds, television, pals—variables found at the top of the framework are part of music environment which functions as the ones mainly influencing the second variable—the selected UP Female Students. This student variable now becomes the dependent variable in a way that its reactions depend on a certain situation due to the process that takes place in the music environment.
In reacting to the environment variable, students tend to enumerate in their minds the response patterns—KPOP’s beat, rhythm, composition, styles and performers—that they get from the influence of the music environment.
Having the response patterns settled, students will have a selection of one type of music leaving the other type. Appearing in the framework, the dominance of KPOP music on the preference of Pinoy Youth becomes the outcome gained from the response patterns.
The dominance of KPOP music can possibly be assessed that Pinoy Youth will end up selecting and/or preferring KPOP music over OPM (original Pilipino music), which is another variable based on the framework.
The effect of selecting Kpop over OPM by the Pinoy Youth will probably lead to the effect on their personality and/or attitude questioning now their sense of nationalism.
In accordance with these analyses, the specific flow of ideas showed in the framework is only based on the points pondered by several theories provided in the previous pages having the views of the theorists, respectively.

update no. 2: list of pending and approved presentors

Note: the qualified presentors are those whose papers are almost 90% acceptable or nearly passed the high standard of UP scholarship. Approval for printing of paper is given to those whose second drafts are nearly perfect.

first batch 9-11 a.m
1. castillo,alda
2. cosmo, embog
3. bual,watin
4. argallon, milan

presentors for 2nd batch 2-4p.m to follow

pending upon completion of some requirements
1. avendanio tan= submission of 3rd drafts of 5 and 6 (your chap 1,2,3,4 were checked already)
2. jakosalem sanchez= submission of 3rd drafts of 5&6 and posting to blog of revised rrl&biblio (still 2nd drafts but no grades)

jakosalem, sanchez chap 1

Chapter 1 comments
1. From sending telegraph, to going through a snail mail, to inventing the telephone, communication have (agreement)
2. One of this these
3. It is an electronic device that is cordless, unlike the telephone, and is used to connect with people locally to globally. (awkward)

CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION


Rationale of the Study

From sending telegraph, to going through a snail mail, to inventing the telephone, communication have evolved into different forms in which people can benefit from. One of this these inventions that evolved through time is the cellular phone. It is an electronic device that is cordless, unlike the telephone, and is used to connect with people locally to globally. The first portable cellular phone was invented by Dr. Martin Cooper in 1973 and had weighed two pounds and a foot long. This type of cellular phone is no longer available in the market. The cellular phones that people know today are more advanced compared to the cellular phone in the 1970’s.
Before, most of the owners of cellular phones are adults. Nowadays, one could buy a cheaper cellular phone. Even teenagers and younger children own cellular phones. Gadgets have been always associated with the younger generation particularly the teenagers. Some aspects of teenagers’ lives might have been changed and influenced by the growing number of gadgets made. One of these gadgets are the cellular phones wherein teenagers even bring these to their bed (The Brown University Child and Adolescent Behavior Letter, 2003).
This is evident in a survey conducted by the CTIA and Harris Interactive. The results from this survey showed that forty-seven percent of US teens feel that the social aspect of their life might go down without their cellular phones while six out of ten believed that cellular phones made their lives better (Harris Interactive, 2007).
With cellular phones, teenagers feel connected to the rest of the society. They bring it wherever they go because it is handy and it has a lot of applications to entertain them, making cellular phone as a most-wanted gadget (Hans, 2006).
Cellular phones may have improved the teenagers’ communication with people but they might be more focused and busy using their cellular phones. This may lead to neglecting duties to their family, friends, school and even in their own households.
The researchers chose this topic in order to know whether cellular phones have effects on the lifestyle of teenagers. In the growing number of manufactured and purchased cellular phones, there is a need to study whether the usage of cellular phones affected any aspect of a teenager’s lifestyle.


Statement of the Problem

The research study was aimed to determine the effects of early and late acquisition of cellular phones on selected Cebu City teenagers’ lifestyles. It hoped to answer the following problems:
1.) What are the effects of cellular phone acquisition at the age of 8-11 and 12-15 on selected Cebu City teenagers’ study habits?
2.) What are the effects of cellular phone acquisition at the age of 8-11 and 12-15 on selected Cebu City teenagers’ sleeping habits?
3.) What are the effects of cellular phone acquisition at the age of 8-11 and 12-15 on selected Cebu City teenagers’ relationship with family and friends?
4.) What are the effects of cellular phone acquisition at the age of 8-11 and 12-15 on selected Cebu City teenagers’ attitude towards household chores?


Objective of the Study

The research study was made to find out the effects of early and late acquisition of cellular phones on selected Cebu City teenagers’ lifestyles. Specifically, the study was aimed to address the following objectives:
1.) To know whether there is a difference of the effects between the early and late cellular phone acquisition on teenagers’ study habits?
2.) To know whether there is a difference of the effects between the early and late cellular phone acquisition on teenagers’ sleeping habits?
3.) To know whether there is a difference of the effects between the early and late cellular phone acquisition on teenagers’ relationship with family and friends?
4.) To know whether there is a difference of the effects between the early and late cellular phone acquisition on teenagers’ attitude towards household chores?


Significance of the Study

With the results of the study, the researchers will know when is the appropriate time for one to have a cellular phone if there is a difference between the early and late cellular phone acquisition. This research study might also be of help to other people.
One of which are parents of teenagers. Parents may also learn to discipline their children in using cellular phones especially when their children are in school, during bedtime, or when doing the household chores.
This study might also help other researchers with the same kind of study. This might support and strengthen their study or they might get views on how they will go about their study.

avendanio tan chap 1

Chapter 1
1. In a particular university, there are student (check)
2. Dinkmeyer and Dreikurs (1963) said
Karemera, et al. (2003) says (tense consistency)
3. whether the conditions of the living environment of the student affects (agreement)
4. The researchers believe that their study on the impacts of the residence of UP Cebu first year students to (on)

Chapter I
INTRODUCTION

RATIONALE OF THE STUDY
The environment of an individual is very essential to his or her human development. One of the main components of an environment is the individual’s residence. Residences are establishments where people dwell and do all sorts of things.
In a particular university, there are student that do not live in the city where the university is located. The students in the university may live near the university, in the city where the university is, in another city, an island away from the city, or even a country away from the city. For those living far from the university, the students usually rent an apartment, a room, or maybe stay in a dormitory. Therefore, in a university, students live in different residences during their university life.
The student’s environment can influence the student, particularly in the student’s study habits. Dinkmeyer and Dreikurs (1963) said that the development of a student is the result of environmental influences. Furthermore, Dakin (2008) said that there are two factors that influence the student’s success, these are: student characteristics and the characteristics of the environment, both the living environment and the environment of the learning institution.
Karemera, et al. (2003) says that the students must have good learning environment for them to excel. The key to an effective learning is to create an environment the encourage students to do an excellent work in or out of the school. An individual should be encouraged to pursue learning especially in their own residence.
Students who stay in on-campus dorms perform better academically than those in off-campus living arrangements. (Tsavo Media Canada Inc., 2010).
This study concerns the impacts of student’s residence, specifically first year students of University of the Philippines Cebu, on his or her study habits. The researchers’ recognize the importance of this research because a number of students from the said university do not come from Cebu. Those students usually rent a room, a boarding house, an apartment, a house of a relative, or stay in a dorm in or outside the campus. However, there are also students that already reside in Cebu.
Our main purpose for this study is to identify whether the conditions of the living environment of the student affects his or her study habits. The reason for conducting this study is that students should know where to reside, especially students who did not come from Cebu.

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
This study aims to know the impacts of residence of UP Cebu first year students on their study habits.
Specifically, it seeks to answer the following questions:
1. In what way do the people they live with affect the students’ study habits?
2. Does the physical condition of the area affect the students’ study habits?
3. Does the type of residence of UP Cebu students affect the students’ study habits?
4. Other than residence, are there other factors affecting the students’ study habits? What are these?
OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
1. To know on how the people the students live with affect the students’ study habits.
2. To determine if the physical condition of the students’ residence affect their study habits.
3. To know if the types of residence of UP Cebu students affect their study habits.
4. To identify if there are other factors affecting the students’ study habits aside from their residence and to determine what these factors are.
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
The researchers believe that their study on the impacts of the residence of UP Cebu first year students to their study habits would help students in determining the suitable residence that best fit them. This study will also aid students in identifying what environmental factors give a great impact on their study habits. This study’s goal is intended for students specially those who are not locales of the region and to the parents of the students so that they’ll know the right residence for their children. Furthermore, this could also help the students in shaping their human development and in improving their academic careers that could make them successful. This study could also aid the future studies of researchers in making their study more successful and more relevant.

bual watin chap 3

Chapter 3
1. In the school community, a student’s main goals, aside from gaining new friends and starting a new chapter in life beautifully, are usually just two things: to learn through academic lessons and experiences and, as a byproduct, to get high grades. (make it direct and do not delay the meaning)
2. Some students have low grade aspirations which make them less driven to work for considerably higher grades, while some students (don’t repeat some some in one sentence, use synonym)
3. these grade aspirations effect work regulation and grade satisfaction. (check)
4. with the course hat usually reflects
5. cause certain effects to (on)
6. well-explained

Chapter III

STUDY FRAMEWORK

Theoretical Framework

In the school community, a student’s main goals, aside from gaining new friends and starting a new chapter in life beautifully, are usually just two things: to learn through academic lessons and experiences and, as a byproduct, to get high grades. Greenwald and Gillmore’s (1997) theory states that one of the greatest stressors of students is getting grades that are lower than what they expected. Students have grade aspirations, which are their expectations for appropriate grades—and these have two effects: (a) work regulation—adjustment of student’s work level to achieve the grade, and (b) grade satisfaction—satisfaction in the course reflects in the grade received.

Grade aspirations are often the driving factors for the students, if not motivators. The need to achieve a certain grade drives the student to work harder in order to please not just the self but also the others (i.e. parents and family). Grade aspirations vary from student to student, and have varying effects. Some students have low grade aspirations which make them less driven to work for considerably higher grades, while some students have very high grade aspirations that usually make them work too much to achieve the grade they want. Accordingly, in order for the student to reach the expected grades, these grade aspirations effect work regulation and grade satisfaction.

Work regulation is the adjustment of student’s work level in order to achieve the aspired grade. Usually, if the present grade or standing is very low, in order for the student to achieve the aspired grade, the student must alter his/her work level. Work regulation usually entails a change in the schedule and in the work routine to be able to adapt reasonably to the work needed to be done to achieve the aspired grade.

Grade satisfaction, on the other hand, is the student’s satisfaction with the course hat usually reflects in the grades received at the end of the semester. Since he/she likes the course, he/she would want to have a high grade for that course. If the student is satisfied with the course taken, he/she usually works hard enough (or harder) to achieve the grade he/she wishes to have for that course.

In relation to the study, since it has been established that perhaps the greatest stressors of students is having low grades, the pressure to have higher grades increases in order to deal with the academic stressors present in the school community and usually given by teachers.

Figure 1 on the next page shows the flow of Greenwald and Gilmore’s theory on student stress. An existing stressor would affect the student’s health and mental, emotional, and physical disposition. In turn, these stressors would have either positive or negative effects on the student’s academic performance.

Conceptual Framework

Since Greenwald and Gillmore’s theory talked about the greatest stressor of students, its incorporation into the study and into the conceptual framework was easy and appropriate.

The Student Stress Theory states that students have one greatest stressor which helps in the formation of the pressures that the students experience in their GE and major classes. The greatest stressor pertains to getting low grades. Second Year UP students’ curriculum includes an equal number of general education classes and major classes.

The pressures elicited by the drive to get high grades (or at least the drive to achieve no failing grade) also influence the student’s perspectives concerning the quality of the teachers and the students’ satisfaction with their teachers. The weight of the homework, quizzes, and requirements usually add a lot to the pressures of the subject, since there are more things to be done to be able to proceed to the next courses confidently. The students’ assessment of their enjoyment level in the class is just as important, because it influences the performance of the student. Enjoyment level usually becomes basis for better performance in class.

Figure 2 on the next page effectively illustrates the abovementioned flow of the basic concepts of the study, as the researchers have formulated and discovered in the course of the research.

Operational Framework

Having already defined that the greatest stressor among students is having grades lower than the student’s expectations, the Student Stress Theory emphasizes that this stressor greatly helps in the formation of the academic pressures of students experienced upon the fruition of one’s GE and major classes. Second Year UP students’ curriculum includes Arts and Humanities classes like Communications, Humanities and/or Literature, and major classes offered like Psychology 110, Psychology 108, and Psychology 150.

The pressures elicited by the drive to achieve one’s expected grades, as already stated, greatly influence the student’s perspectives concerning the quality of the teachers and the students’ satisfaction with their teachers. Homework, quizzes, and requirements usually give more weight to the different classes, since, especially if it is a prerequisite major, there are things needed to be completed in order to proceed to the next courses (and in turn, the next semester and year level) confidently.

The students’ enjoyment level in the class is also an important factor, since it becomes basis for the drive to work more and influences the performance of the student. When the student enjoys the subject, he/she usually strives harder to satisfy himself and get a high grade. On the other hand, when the student abhors the subject, he will usually lose the drive to study harder and strive more for the grade he wants.

All these, in turn, cause certain effects to the students’ academic performance, be it positive or negative. Figure 3 (seen on the next page) effectively shows the abovementioned flow of the basic concepts of the study, as the researchers have formulated and discovered.

bual watin chap 1

Chapter 1
1. which results to (in) many complications
2. Remove importance part since you already have objectives and significance.remove assumptions part and null hypothesis statement somewhere in this chapter since you did not test/use statistical tool that requires it.
3. The rest is okay; rationale is strong.
4. Very late posting; no grade

Chapter I

INTRODUCTION

RATIONALE

Background

In all the stages of life, adolescence is the most serious, since this stage is the bridge between childhood and adulthood. Maturity does not come in just a blink of an eye; much more nourishment is needed as the person continues to grow. This is why being in this stage is a risky phase—one has yet to understand and identify his/her true nature which results to many complications and struggles happening during this stage that would eventually affect the growth and maturity of the person—physically, emotionally and psychologically.

Upon undergoing this stage, in order to fill in the gap that existing identity crisis may instill, each adolescent must go through higher education as well as receive a higher level of understanding which can be offered and learned during high school to college, in which, according to Kelly (1965), the learning process is very essential in the person’s development.

The attainment of knowledge can be acquired following Kelly’s (1965) theory which says that the proper process of introducing of instruments is the responsibility of the teachers and that the proper mindset and environment experienced by the student is a must. Thus, student-teacher relationship should be present. For emphasis, a teacher should be an effective communicator. To become one, Battle and Shannon (1968) suggest that a teacher must have a very good background— and that he/she must be open-minded and well-educated.

Through good and effective interaction, a teacher must set standards for his/her curriculum as basis for her tactics in teaching. Having a curriculum, according to Dennise and Kauffman (1966), is not just a guide but that the teacher must also successfully use it as basis for the development of the student. The student must learn to listen and gain knowledge from the teacher and, in turn, the teachers should bear in mind that education is dependent upon the emotion for motivation and learning personality adjustment (Isidro, 1952). A teacher should be aware of their delivery of the subject, as well as the students’ perspective about it. The treatment of the teacher to their classes and to the students will be reflected upon the student’s academic grades at the end of the semester.

In the Philippines, similar to other countries, we apply and give GE (General Education) courses to college students, which, according to Cohen (1988), is a “framework” to all specified fields. GE subjects make us appreciate our life (our own existence) and the world more. This said curriculum is very much applied to the program of the University of the Philippines as Doronila (1998) explains.

However, the curriculum in the Philippines and in other countries are of course not complete without the major courses, which are defined, generally, as the specific field that one chooses to pursue and know rigidly. Major subjects vary since students choose different degrees. These subjects can and will pull you down if you fail them and place you behind schedule for possible graduation.

In relation to the earlier paragraphs, the education that the Filipinos are acquiring is much more liberal (Mangubat, 1970) and has inculcated in the minds of the Filipino students the concept of freedom.

As scholars, students mostly experience stress that, according to Greenwald and Gillmore (1997), occurs because of the feelings of dismay they get when they receive low grades (stimuli) in their subjects.

argallon millan chap 1

Chapter 1
1. In the local arena, the frequency of HIV positive patients are considerably low compared to that (“those” referring to patients) of other countries.
2. health, specifically their physical health (express in better words, don’t repeat words)
3. the rest is okay.
4. Very good presentation of the problem


Chapter I
INTRODUCTION
Rationale of the Study
No other aspect of the human life is more essential than the health of a person. It is only with a perfect health that a person can fully do and accomplish his/her activities and do his/her job well. Hence, every person strives to accommodate all the opportunities possible and enters into different kinds of work in order to make ends meet, making him/her vulnerable to diseases and certain health risks.
Yet, with some certain changes in the international scene, particularly the discovery of the HIV/AIDS (Human Immunodeficiency Virus / Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome) epidemic, health problem has become a prevailing issue in the world especially in over unprotected and ill-prepared societies and communities. It is in these communities in Africa that HIV/AIDS was believed to have originated (Jones, 2009).
Eventually, most people believe that HIV/AIDS can only be spread through sexual means since this disease has been categorized as one of the many Sexually Transmitted Diseases or STD’s present in our society. But unfortunately, one of the newest discovery regarding HIV/AIDS is that it can now be transferred through an indirect contact with an HIV positive patient (Nevid, 1998, pp. 29-36). The increase of HIV/AIDS cases in the world has produced a great impact on the global arena and has made the world different from the past (Greenwood, Kircher, & Tertilt, 2009).
According to the UNAIDS (United Nations Program on HIV/AIDS) report released on June, 1998, HIV was a “latecomer” to Asia (Stephenson, 1998). Stephenson stressed that although it came late in Asian regions, the spread of the virus was incredibly swift (par. 7). And when we speak of Asian regions, that basically includes our country – the Philippines.
As time passed and the discovery of technology came, a very peculiar point was raised. Interestingly, the rise of the cases of the HIV positive in the country has proportionally increased together with the fast arrival and settling of the Business Process Outsourcing or BPO industries here in the country. Although studies regarding the issue have not proven this idea to be true, but coincidentally, that was the incident.
The BPO industry has been heralded as the newest “sunshine industry” here in the country (Alava, 2006, p. 1). Alava also added that with the high expectations from the market, it cannot be denied that it has been employing thousands of Filipino college graduates, which doubles every year (par. 1).
And with the emergence of globalization and the rapidly evolving information technology, life has become easier yet more complex and, at certain times, incomprehensible (Ogena, 1999).
In the local arena, the frequency of HIV positive patients are considerably low compared to that of other countries. We, Filipinos, still preserve our values of being “the conservative ones” as compared to those of the western cultures such as the Americans who are known to be “the liberated ones”. But with the arrival of the BPO industries coming from the west, it cannot be denied that many call center agents have somehow adapted to the western-like lifestyle of being liberated.
The reason why we chose the topic of this research, focusing on the lifestyle of the call center agents is that many teenagers and even those older than the teens are becoming inclined to work in call center industries because of the high compensation or salary and the benefits that an agent can get from the industry. Basically, being employed in a call center industry has become a trend especially to those people who have not found their luck in getting a job. Their inclinations of working in call center industries have affected their lifestyle in such a way that it somehow affects their health, specifically their physical health.
With the increase of the occurrence rate of the call center agents being HIV positive, studies have been conducted in order to ensure the health of the workers and also the protection of the people from acquiring the virus. This study does not intend to discriminate call center agents as the call center agents are not being labeled to as HIV carriers. This research is made to fully know the things that make a call center agent vulnerable to this disease. This study is conducted in order to really know the reason behind the call center agents being a prone victim of HIV/AIDS.

Statement of the Problem
The objective of the study is to identify the reason behind the vulnerability of call center agents to HIV/AIDS. This study also aims to identify which activity of a call center agent makes him/her prone to acquiring such disease. And in order for this objective to be achieved the researchers need to:

1. Present the activities that a call center agent does that make a call center agent prone to HIV/AIDS.
2. Show how a call center agent’s nature of work affects his/her lifestyle.
3. Prove whether the frequency of engaging in sexual activities is the main reason for the acquisition of HIV/AIDS among call center agents.

Significance of the Study
Eventually, the main benefactors of this research are the main subjects of this research – the call center agents themselves. Since this study focuses on their nature of work and their lifestyle that somehow affects their health, they will be able to know better their working environment. Through this research, they will be aware of the consequences of the activities that they do in order to relieve themselves from the stress brought by their workplace.
This study on the lifestyle and the activities done by call center agents in their work is an informative research since it allows the readers to know the real deal and the reality of the life of a call center agent. That aside from the high salary they get from attending calls from other countries, they also have to adjust their biological clock in order to attend to customers from the other side of the world. And by doing so, they risk their health and the activities they normally do.
Aside from the call center agents, future researchers who will be doing studies regarding HIV/AIDS will be able to learn from this study since this study presents data that will be useful especially as basis for their research. Although they may focus their study on another aspect of HIV/AIDS, they will still be able to use this research as a guide and as basis also on what particular angle of the issue to tackle on.
This research will also benefit the call center companies in the country because through this research, they will be more aware on this issue regarding call center agents being vulnerable to HIV/AIDS. In doing so, they will implement strict medical and health rules so that they can avoid HIV positive employees in their industry.
Aside from those mentioned institutions, this will also benefit the Philippine government in such a way that they will implement policies regarding regular medical check-up on these industries in order to ensure the safety of the people in industries such as that of call center companies. And that they also become stricter in allowing foreign investors in the country in order to avoid the spread of “liberated mentality” among the people in our country.
This will also benefit all the people since there are many facts presented in this research about methods in which HIV/AIDS is being transmitted. As what our Biology teacher told us, “No matter how many gallons of saliva from an HIV positive a person drinks, he/she will not be infected by the virus.” Though it may sound gross but that is the truth. With the information shown in this research, a person will be aware of the things that he/she must not do in order not to acquire this certain virus. With the information presented in this research, the public or the people will be fully aware of the do’s and don’ts when it comes to dealing with HIV/AIDS.